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Concept

Giant cell

Related publications (22)

Single-cell analysis of the interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and macrophages

Ophélie Rutschmann

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis is a highly effective pathogen infecting nearly a third of the world's population. An M. tuberculosis infection starts when droplets containing bacteria enter an individual's lungs. The first host cells to contact the bacteria ar ...

EPFL2024

PD-1-cis IL-2R agonism yields better effectors from stem-like CD8(+) T cells

Douglas Hanahan, Mélanie Louise Tichet, Petra Catalina Schwalie, Stephan Wullschleger

Expansion and differentiation of antigen-experienced PD-1(+)TCF-1(+) stem-like CD8(+) T cells into effector cells is critical for the success of immunotherapies based on PD-1 blockade(1-4). Hashimoto et al. have shown that, in chronic infections, administr ...

NATURE PORTFOLIO2022

Preexisting Heterogeneity of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression Drives Differential Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Macrophages

John McKinney, Chiara Toniolo, Ophélie Rutschmann

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is initiated by the inhalation and implantation of bacteria in the lung alveoli, where they are phagocytosed by macrophages. Even a single bacterium may be sufficient to initiate infection. Thereafter, the clinical outc ...

AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY2022

Synthesis of branching morphologies

Henry Markram, Lida Kanari

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium for generating model neurons. In one aspect, a method includes receiving a plurality of descriptions of branches of dendrites of one or more neurons and gener ...

2021

Virus-Mediated Cell-Cell Fusion

Lucie Josepha Marie Bracq

Cell-cell fusion between eukaryotic cells is a general process involved in many physiological and pathological conditions, including infections by bacteria, parasites, and viruses. As obligate intracellular pathogens, viruses use intracellular machineries ...

2020

Role of Nimrod receptors in the Drosophila melanogaster cellular immune response

Claudia Melcarne

The use of modern molecular biology tools and simple but powerful tractable model organisms such as Drosophila has contributed significantly to our recent advances in the innate immunity field, notably phagocytosis. Since 2001, many phagocytic transmembran ...

EPFL2020

Analysis of the lightning production of convective cells

Farhad Rachidi-Haeri, Marcos Rubinstein, Mohammad Azadifar, Antonio Sunjerga, Amirhossein Mostajabi, Jacopo Grazioli, Nikola Besic

This paper presents an analysis of the lightningproduction of convective cells. The cells were detected by the MeteoSwiss Thunderstorms Radar Tracking (TRT) algorithm in the course of a lightning measurement campaign thattook place in the summer of 2017 in ...

2019

The orphan nuclear receptor LRH-1/NR5a2 critically regulates T cell functions

Kristina Schoonjans

LRH-1 (liver receptor homolog-1/NR5a2) is an orphan nuclear receptor, which regulates glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as intestinal inflammation via the transcriptional control of intestinal glucocorticoid synthesis. Predominantly expressed in epithe ...

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)2019

Cellular Uptake and Intracellular Trafficking of Poly(N-(2-Hydroxypropyl) Methacrylamide)

Anders Meibom, Harm-Anton Klok, Graham Knott, Stéphane Laurent Escrig, Olivier Burri, Arne Seitz, Romain Guiet, Claudia Battistella

Cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of polymer conjugates or polymer nanoparticles is typically monitored using fluorescence-based techniques such as confocal microscopy. While these methods have provided a wealth of insight into the internalizat ...

American Chemical Society2019

Programmable microencapsulation for enhanced mesenchymal stem cell persistence and immunomodulation

Berna Ayse Özkale Edelmann, Christina Myra Tringides

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies demonstrate particular promise in ameliorating diseases of immune dysregulation but are hampered by short in vivo cell persistence and inconsistencies in phenotype. Here, we demonstrate that biomaterial encapsulation i ...

National Academy of Sciences2019

E-coli-MS2 bacteriophage interactions during solar disinfection of wastewater and the subsequent post-irradiation period

César Pulgarin, Stefanos Giannakis, Anna Carratala Ripolles, Margaux Océane Voumard

In this study, the effect of MS2 bacteriophage on the inactivation of its Escherichia coli host was evaluated in an effort to recreate some the main factors governing solar disinfection of wastewater (namely microbial growth, infection, photonic flux). As ...

ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA2019

Perivascular macrophages in health and disease

Michele De Palma

Macrophages are a heterogeneous group of cells that are capable of carrying out distinct functions in different tissues, as well as in different locations within a given tissue. Some of these tissue macrophages lie on, or close to, the outer (abluminal) su ...

Nature Publishing Group2018

Design principles for therapeutic angiogenic materials

Jeffrey Alan Hubbell, Priscilla Suhasna Maithili Briquez

Despite extensive research, pro-angiogenic drugs have failed to translate clinically, and therapeutic angiogenesis, which has potential in the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases, remains a major challenge. Physiologically, angiogenesis - the proc ...

Nature Publishing Group2016

T Cell Costimulation Molecules CD80/86 Inhibit Osteoclast Differentiation by Inducing the IDO/Tryptophan Pathway

Mario Michael Zaiss

Bone resorption is seminal for the physiological remodeling of bone during life. However, this process needs to be strictly controlled; excessive bone resorption results in pathologic bone loss, osteoporosis, and fracture. We describe a control mechanism o ...

Amer Assoc Advancement Science2014

Monitoring the effects of dexamethasone treatment by MRI using in vivo iron oxide nanoparticle-labeled macrophages

Heinrich Hofmann, Lionel André Maurizi, Géraldine Sylvie Coullerez

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease causing recurring inflammatory joint attacks. These attacks are characterized by macrophage infiltration contributing to joint destruction. Studies have shown that RA treatment efficacy is correl ...

Biomed Central Ltd2014

Numerically bridging lamellipodial and filopodial activity during cell spreading reveals a potentially novel trigger of focal adhesion maturation

Benoît Vianay

We present a novel approach to modeling cell spreading, and use it to reveal a potentially central mechanism regulating focal adhesion maturation in various cell phenotypes. Actin bundles that span neighboring focal complexes at the lamellipodium-lamellum ...

2012

Role of macrophage scavenger receptors in atherosclerosis

Claudine Danielle Patricia Öngen

Accumulating evidence indicates that atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease. The key innate immune cells that are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are circulating monocytes and plaque macrophages. Complex interplay between immune ...

2012

Macrophage regulation of tumor angiogenesis: implications for cancer therapy

Michele De Palma, Mario Leonardo Squadrito

This article reviews the evidence for macrophages playing an important role in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis. Findings in mouse models show that macrophages promote angiogenesis in tumors both by producing excessive amounts of proangiogenic factors ...

2011

Comparative dynamics of retrograde actin flow and focal adhesions: formation of nascent adhesions triggers transition from fast to slow flow

Jean-Jacques Meister, Alexander Verkhovskiy, Sébastien Schaub

Dynamic actin network at the leading edge of the cell is linked to the extracellular matrix through focal adhesions (FAs), and at the same time it undergoes retrograde flow with different dynamics in two distinct zones: the lamellipodium (peripheral zone o ...

Public Library of Science2008

Determining a receptor-ligand interaction useful in e.g. drug screening involves repetitive application of reversibly binding fluorescent ligands with fast association-dissociation kinetics

Horst Arthur Vogel, Rudolf Hovius, Jean-Manuel Segura, Marinela Gjoni Boillat, Christoph Schreiter

NOVELTY - Determining a receptor-ligand interaction involves repeatedly contacting a cell comprising a receptor, with a ligand, of the receptor in which the ligand has a fluorescence labeling group and binds reversibly to the receptor under conditions in w ...

2006