Publication

Age-related alterations of myeloid cell mitochondrial function and mitophagy contribute to the onset of atherosclerosis

2024

Abstract

Background and Aims: Aging is an independent and dominant risk factor for atherosclerosis and is associated with a low-grade chronic inflammation termed inflammaging. This age-induced pro-inflammatory environment may have great impact on plaque-residing immune cells, including mast cells. Mast cells have been found to accumulate in the human atherosclerotic plaque upon disease progression and have been associated with plaque instability. However, it is currently unknown whether aging drives the pro-atherogenic effects of mast cells in atherosclerosis. Methods: To assess the effects of aging on mast cell phenotype, we examined mast cell populations in young and old male Ldlr-/-mice fed either a chow (CD) or Western-type (WD) diet. Results: We observed a 6-fold increase in the number of mast cells in the aged atherosclerotic aorta compared to young (Y-CD: 4.5AE0.7 vs. O-CD: 279.4AE9 cells, p

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/cb843dd8-fe0b-420c-a486-60c3e1e0cf51

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2024

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/cb843dd8-fe0b-420c-a486-60c3e1e0cf51

About this result

Related concepts (32)

Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a pattern of the disease arteriosclerosis in which the wall of the artery develops abnormalities, called lesions. These lesions may lead to narrowing due to the buildup of atheromatous plaque. At onset there are usually no symptoms, but if they develop, symptoms generally begin around middle age. When severe, it can result in coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease, or kidney problems, depending on which arteries are affected. The exact cause is not known and is proposed to be multifactorial.

Antigen presentation

Antigen presentation is a vital immune process that is essential for T cell immune response triggering. Because T cells recognize only fragmented antigens displayed on cell surfaces, antigen processing must occur before the antigen fragment, now bound to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), is transported to the surface of the cell, a process known as presentation, where it can be recognized by a T-cell receptor. If there has been an infection with viruses or bacteria, the cell will present an endogenous or exogenous peptide fragment derived from the antigen by MHC molecules.

Innate lymphoid cell

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the most recently discovered family of innate immune cells, derived from common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs). In response to pathogenic tissue damage, ILCs contribute to immunity via the secretion of signalling molecules, and the regulation of both innate and adaptive immune cells. ILCs are primarily tissue resident cells, found in both lymphoid (immune associated), and non- lymphoid tissues, and rarely in the blood. They are particularly abundant at mucosal surfaces, playing a key role in mucosal immunity and homeostasis.