Reionization by UV or X-ray sources

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X-rays have been observed in natural downward cloud-to-ground lightning for over 20 years and in rocket-triggered lightning for slightly less. In both cases, this energetic radiation has been detected during the stepped and dart leader phases of downward n ...

The detection of inelastically scattered soft x-rays with high energy resolution usually requires large grating spectrometers. Recently, photoelectron spectrometry for analysis of x-rays (PAX) has been rediscovered for modern spectroscopy experiments at sy ...

Redox reactions underlie several biogeochemical processes and are typically spatiotemporally heterogeneous in soils and sediments. However, redox heterogeneity has yet to be incorporated into mainstream conceptualizations and modeling of soil biogeochemist ...

There is a bias in the inference pipeline of most diffusion models. This bias arises from a signal leak whose distribution deviates from the noise distribution, creating a discrepancy between training and inference processes. We demonstrate that this signa ...

We prove global in time well-posedness for perturbations of the 2D stochastic Navier-Stokes equations partial derivative( t)u + u center dot del u = Delta u - del p + sigma + xi, u(0, center dot ) = u(0),div (u) = 0, driven by additive space-time white noi ...

This thesis uses femtosecond laser spectroscopy in studying strong correlation in condensed matters that are pertinent to future technology: a wide bandgap perovskite and a quantum material, with the employment of ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy in th ...

Microcomputed tomography (mu CT) is a nondestructive X-ray imaging method used in plant physiology to visualize in situ plant tissues that enables assessments of embolized xylem vessels. Whereas evidence for X-ray-induced cellular damage has been reported, ...

A key challenge across many disciplines is to extract meaningful information from data which is often obscured by noise. These datasets are typically represented as large matrices. Given the current trend of ever-increasing data volumes, with datasets grow ...

We describe a novel method to compute the components of dynamo tensors from direct magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. Our method relies upon an extension and generalization of the standard H & ouml;gbom CLEAN algorithm widely used in radio astronomy to ...

The success of the Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) in novel view synthesis has inspired researchers to propose neural implicit scene reconstruction. However, most existing neural implicit reconstruction methods optimize perscene parameters and therefore lack ...

Computer simulations are often used as support material for science education, as they can engage students through inquiry-based learning, promote their active interaction in the experimentation phase, and help them visualize abstract concepts. For instanc ...

Isolated attosecond pulses from an X-ray free-electron laser are in high demand for attosecond science, which enables the probing of electron dynamics by X-ray nonlinear spectroscopy and single-particle imaging. The aim of this thesis is to simulate attos ...

The collimation system of the Future Circular Collider, operating with leptons (FCC-ee), must protect not only the experiments against backgrounds, but also the machine itself from beam losses. With a 17.8 MJ stored energy of the electron and positron beam ...

Zoning reform is a crucial tool for cities to adapt to contemporary challenges. However, its implementation remains challenging. Property owners, with a vested interest in the value of their neighborhoods, are sensitive to local developments and the potent ...

IntroductionPatients undergoing cancer treatment by radiation therapy commonly develop Candida albicans infections (candidiasis). Such infections are generally treated by antifungals that unfortunately also induce numerous secondary effects in the patient. ...

With the advent of the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO), scientists will be able to directly observe the Epoch of Reionization by mapping the distribution of neutral hydrogen at different redshifts. While physically motivated results can be simula ...

This paper proposes a novel method to improve georeferencing of airborne laser scanning by improved trajectory estimation using Vehicle Dynamic Model. In Vehicle Dynamic Model (VDM), the relationship between the dynamics of the platform and control inputs ...

Functional data are typically modeled as sample paths of smooth stochastic processes in order to mitigate the fact that they are often observed discretely and noisily, occasionally irregularly and sparsely. The smoothness assumption is imposed to allow for ...

Objective. Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) is an alternative emerging radiotherapy treatment modality which has demonstrated effective radioresistant tumour control while sparing surrounding healthy tissue in preclinical trials. This apparent selectivity ...

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) using camera-based imaging has shown excellent potential recently in vital signs monitoring due to its contactless nature. However, the optimum filter selection for pre-processing rPPG data in signal conditioning is still ...

Reionization by UV or X-ray sources

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Direct observations of X-rays produced by upward positive lightning

A compact approach to higher-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering detection using photoelectrons

X-ray chemical imaging for assessing redox microsites within soils and sediments

Exploiting the Signal-Leak Bias in Diffusion Models

Global existence for perturbations of the 2D stochastic Navier-Stokes equations with space-time white noise

Investigating Non-equilibrium Physics in Wide Bandgap Semiconductors and Quantum Materials via Ultrafast Spectroscopy

In vivo X-ray microtomography locally affects stem radial growth with no immediate physiological impact

Spectral Estimators for High-Dimensional Matrix Inference

Iterative removal of sources to model the turbulent electromotive force

VolRecon: Volume Rendering of Signed Ray Distance Functions for Generalizable Multi-View Reconstruction

Teacher-Mediated and Student-Led Interaction with a Physics Simulation: Effects on the Learning Experience

Numerical Study of the Attosecond Free-Electron Laser Pulse Generation in the Soft X-ray Regime at the SwissFEL

Collimation simulations for the FCC-ee

Spatial Modeling for Building Design Evaluation: from Visual Landscape Quality Assessment to Devaluation Risk Estimation

Modulation of the nanoscale motion rate of Candida albicans by X-rays

PINION: physics-informed neural network for accelerating radiative transfer simulations for cosmic reionization

Model-based constraints for trajectory determination of quad-copters: Design, calibration & merits for direct orientation

Functional data analysis with rough sample paths?

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon high flux x-ray detectors for synchrotron microbeam radiation therapy

Optimal digital filter selection for remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) signal conditioning