Enhancing Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells via N-doped Graphene: Crystal Modification and Surface Passivation

Controlling the morphology and surface passivation in perovskite solar cells is paramount in obtaining optimal opto-electronic properties. This study incorporates N-doped graphene nanosheets in the perovskite layer, which simultaneously induces an improved morphology and surface passivation at the perovskite/spiro interface, resulting in enhancement in all photovoltaic parameters.