The psychostimulant modafinil enhances gap junctional communication in cortical astrocytes

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Subcortical brain structures such as the basal ganglia or the thalamus are involved in regulating motor and cognitive behavior. However, their contribution to perceptual consciousness is still unclear, due to the inherent difficulties of recording subcorti ...

In humans and animals, surprise is a physiological reaction to an unexpected event, but how surprise can be linked to plausible models of neuronal activity is an open problem. We propose a self-supervised spiking neural network model where a surprise signa ...

Proprioception tells the brain the state of the body based on distributed sensors in the body. However, the principles that govern proprioceptive processing from those distributed sensors are poorly understood. Here, we employ a task-driven neural network ...

Background Disrupted sense of agency (SoA)-the sense of being the agent of one's own actions-has been demonstrated in patients with functional neurological disorder (FND), and a key area of the corresponding neuronal network is the right temporoparietal ju ...

Reinforcement feedback can improve motor learning, but the underlying brain mechanisms remain underexplored. In particular, the causal contribution of specific patterns of oscillatory activity within the human striatum is unknown. To address this question, ...

Background: Understanding why only a subset of trauma-exposed individuals develop posttraumatic stress disorder is critical for advancing clinical strategies. A few behavioral (deficits in fear extinction) and biological (blunted glucocorticoid levels, sma ...

Background All behaviour requires energy, and measuring energy expenditure in standard units (joules) is key to linking behaviour to ecological processes. Animal-borne accelerometers are commonly used to infer proxies of energy expenditure, termed 'dynamic ...

The outstanding information processing capacity of the brain relies on numerous molecular mechanisms. It is an extremely energy-expensive function, which involves specialization and collaboration of different cell types. A common framework to study the com ...

The spinal cord is an elongated nervous structure that together with the brain forms the central nervous system. It relays sensory and motor information between the brain and the body, thus controlling most somatic and autonomic body functions. In recent y ...

This work is dedicated to the systematic investigation of wind turbine wakes under the effect of pressure gradients. Wind tunnel experiments are carried out with a wind turbine positioned on straight ramps of increasing angle such that it experiences an ap ...

Cortical dynamics underlie many cognitive processes and emerge from complex multi-scale interactions, which are challenging to study in vivo. Large-scale, biophysically detailed models offer a tool which can complement laboratory approaches. We present a m ...

Earth rotation around its axis imposes a 24-hour rhythmicity to all life on the planet. Rather than passively responding to these periodic changes, nature has given us an internal timekeeper, the circadian clock, to anticipate to our advantage the fluctuat ...

The synchronization of circadian clock depends on a central pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. However, the potential feedback of peripheral signals on the central clock remains poorly characterized. To explore whether peripheral organ circad ...

Wearable biosensors and smartphone applications can measure physiological variables over multiple days in free-living conditions. We measure food and drink ingestion, glucose dynamics, physical activity, heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV) in ...

A memory engram is thought to be the physical substrate of the memory trace within the brain, which is generally depicted as a neuronal ensemble activated by learning to fire together during encoding and retrieval. It has been postulated that engram cell e ...

Reading out neuronal activity from three-dimensional (3D) functional imaging requires segmenting and tracking individual neurons. This is challenging in behaving animals if the brain moves and deforms. The traditional approach is to train a convolutional n ...

The myelinated white matter tracts of the central nervous system (CNS) are essential for fast transmission of electrical impulses and are often differentially affected in human neurodegenerative diseases across CNS region, age and sex. We hypothesize that ...

Nerve injuries cause permanent neurological disability due to limited axonal regeneration. Injury-dependent and-independent mechanisms have provided important insight into neuronal regeneration, however, common denominators underpinning regeneration remain ...

JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is an opportunistic virus that remains in a latent state in the kidneys and lymphoid organs of more than half of the human adult population. In rare cases of severe immune suppression, the virus is able to establish a lytic infectio ...

An important function of the brain is to interpret incoming sensory information from the outside world to guide adaptive behavior. Understanding how and where sensory information is transformed into motor commands in a context- and learning-dependent manne ...

The psychostimulant modafinil enhances gap junctional communication in cortical astrocytes

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Subcortical correlates of consciousness with human single neuron recordings

Fast adaptation to rule switching using neuronal surprise

Task-driven neural network models predict neural dynamics of proprioception: Neural network model weights

Non-invasive neuromodulation of the right temporoparietal junction using theta-burst stimulation in functional neurological disorder

Non-invasive stimulation of the human striatum disrupts reinforcement learning of motor skills

Blunted Glucocorticoid Responsiveness to Stress Causes Behavioral and Biological Alterations That Lead to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Vulnerability

Combining accelerometry with allometry for estimating daily energy expenditure in joules when in-lab calibration is unavailable

Molecular reconstruction and simulation of the Neuron-Glia-Vasculature system

Digital reconstruction of the mammalian spinal cord: from anatomical reference volume to cell type atlas of the mouse spinal cord

An experimental and analytical study of wind turbine wakes under pressure gradient

Modeling and simulation of neocortical micro- and mesocircuitry. Part II: Physiology and experimentation

Statistical physics of periodic biological processes

Mice with humanized livers reveal the role of hepatocyte clocks in rhythmic behavior

Uncovering personalized glucose responses and circadian rhythms from multiple wearable biosensors with Bayesian dynamical modeling

Tissue clearing applications in memory engram research

Automated neuron tracking inside moving and deforming C. elegans using deep learning and targeted augmentation

Brain matters: unveiling the distinct contributions of region, age, and sex to glia diversity and CNS function

The circadian clock time tunes axonal regeneration

Comprehensive proteomic analysis of JC polyomavirus-infected human astrocytes and their extracellular vesicles

Neuronal correlates of goal-directed sensorimotor transformation in sensory, motor and higher-order cortical areas