Habileté de construction visuo-spatialeL'habileté de construction visuo-spatiale ou visuoconstruction désigne l’ensemble des processus du cerveau qui permettent d'analyser, de comprendre et de se représenter l’espace (l'environnement) en deux ou trois dimensions. Parmi les processus nécessaires pour y arriver, on note l'imagerie et la navigation mentale, l'évaluation des distances et de la profondeur ainsi que la construction visuo-spatiale. Plus spécifiquement, le processus de construction visuo-spatiale ou la visuo-construction réfère à la capacité à organiser des parties afin de produire une forme.
Chemical specificityChemical specificity is the ability of binding site of a macromolecule (such as a protein) to bind specific ligands. The fewer ligands a protein can bind, the greater its specificity. Specificity describes the strength of binding between a given protein and ligand. This relationship can be described by a dissociation constant, which characterizes the balance between bound and unbound states for the protein-ligand system.
Phage T4Le phage T4 (pour bactériophage T4) est un virus de la famille des Myoviridae et de l’ordre des Caudovirales qui s’attaque à la bactérie Escherichia coli (E. coli). Sa structure comporte trois grandes parties : la capside contenant l’ADN double brin, la queue permettant l’injection de cet ADN dans la bactérie infectée et les fibres caudales permettant l’attachement du phage sur la membrane de la bactérie.
Thermochemical cycleThermochemical cycles combine solely heat sources (thermo) with chemical reactions to split water into its hydrogen and oxygen components. The term cycle is used because aside of water, hydrogen and oxygen, the chemical compounds used in these processes are continuously recycled. If work is partially used as an input, the resulting thermochemical cycle is defined as a hybrid one. This concept was first postulated by Funk and Reinstrom (1966) as a maximally efficient way to produce fuels (e.g.
Spatial cognitionSpatial cognition is the acquisition, organization, utilization, and revision of knowledge about spatial environments. It is most about how animals including humans behave within space and the knowledge they built around it, rather than space itself. These capabilities enable individuals to manage basic and high-level cognitive tasks in everyday life. Numerous disciplines (such as cognitive psychology, neuroscience, artificial intelligence, geographic information science, cartography, etc.
Analyse spatialevignette|200px|Carte de cas de choléra pendant l'épidémie de 1854 à Londres L'analyse spatiale est une approche géographique qui étudie les localisations et les interactions spatiales en tant que composantes actives des fonctionnements sociétaux. Elle part du postulat selon lequel l'espace est acteur organisé. C'est une science nomothétique donc elle vise à proposer une approche modélisée de l'espace géographique en mettant en évidence des formes récurrentes d'organisation spatiales et des théories, notamment à travers diverses notions-clés : distance, réseaux, structure, .
Protein designProtein design is the rational design of new protein molecules to design novel activity, behavior, or purpose, and to advance basic understanding of protein function. Proteins can be designed from scratch (de novo design) or by making calculated variants of a known protein structure and its sequence (termed protein redesign). Rational protein design approaches make protein-sequence predictions that will fold to specific structures.
