Reconfigurable Antenna for Multi-Target Localization

This paper presents a frequency- and patternreconfigurable antenna designed for high-resolution multitarget detection. The proposed antenna is composed of 16 sector-shaped patches whose operating states are controlled by PIN diodes. To overcome the issue of correlated echoes originating from the same transmitting antenna, frequency reconfigurability is employed to achieve frequency-domain decorrelation. After decorrelation, the antenna can generate multiple distinct radiation patterns. Each pattern is treated as a virtual array element, replacing a conventional multi-element array for target localization using the MUSIC algorithm. By combining frequency-domain decorrelation with pattern-based virtual array synthesis, the proposed approach provides a compact sensing platform that achieves accurate multi-target localization while significantly reducing system size and complexity.