Ultrafast broadband circular dichroism in the deep ultraviolet

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Globally, billions of people burn fuels indoors for cooking and heating, which contributes to millions of chronic illnesses and premature deaths annually. Additionally, residential burning contributes significantly to black carbon emissions, which have the ...

In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in predicting computed activation barriers, to enable the acceleration of the automated exploration of reaction networks. Consequently, various predictive approaches have emerged, ranging from graph-based ...

Isolated attosecond pulses from an X-ray free-electron laser are in high demand for attosecond science, which enables the probing of electron dynamics by X-ray nonlinear spectroscopy and single-particle imaging. The aim of this thesis is to simulate attos ...

Excitons play an essential role in the optical response of two-dimensional materials. These are bound states showing up in the band gaps of many-body systems and are conceived as quasiparticles formed by an electron and a hole. By performing real-time simu ...

Recently, single-particle cryo-electron microscopy emerged as a technique capable of determining protein structures at near-atomic resolution and resolving protein dynamics with a temporal resolution ranging from second to milliseconds. This thesis describ ...

Our understanding of quantum materials is commonly based on precise determinations of their electronic spectrum by spectroscopic means, most notably angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and scanning tunneling microscopy. Both require atomicall ...

Biomolecular condensates play important roles in a wide array of fundamental biological processes, such as cellular compartmentalization, cellular regulation, and other biochemical reactions. Since their discovery and first observations, an extensive and e ...

The control of movement and orientation of gas-phase molecules has become the focus of many research areas in molecular physics. Here, ND3 molecules are polarized in a segmented, curved electrostatic guide and adiabatically aligned inside a rotatable mass ...

Low-level light detection with high spatial and timing accuracy is a growing area of interest by virtue of applications such as light detection and ranging (LiDAR), biomedical imaging, time-resolved Raman spectroscopy, and quantum applications. Single-phot ...

Plasmonic photochemistry has a large potential to replace energy-intensive chemical processes with low-temperature, low-pressure light-driven chemical reactions. Plasmonic nanostructures have emerged as promising photocatalysts with exceptional and tunable ...

Chirality (C) is a fundamental property of objects, in terms of symmetry. It is extremely important to sense and distinguish chiral molecules in the fields of biochemistry, science, and medicine. Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy, obtained ...

Free-electron lasers and high-harmonic-generation table-top systems are new sources of extreme-ultraviolet to hard X-ray photons, providing ultrashort pulses that are intense, coherent and tunable. They are enabling a broad range of nonlinear optical and s ...

Dense micron-sized electron plasmas, such as those generated upon irradiation of nanostructured metallic surfaces by intense femtosecond laser pulses, constitute a rich playground to study light-matter interactions, many-body phenomena, and out-of-equilibr ...

The ultrafast dynamics of charge carriers in solids plays a pivotal role in emerging optoelectronics, photonics, energy harvesting, and quantum technology applications. However, the investigation and direct visualization of such nonequilibrium phenomena re ...

Rare events include many of the most interesting transformation processes in condensed matter, from phase transitions to biomolecular conformational changes to chemical reactions. Access to the corresponding mechanisms, free-energy landscapes and kinetic r ...

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a key electrochemical reac-tion relevant to energy storage. Ni-containing bimetallic oxyhydrox-ides are among the most active OER catalysts in alkaline medium, but the mechanism of OER on pure Ni oxyhydroxide remains ...

Bridging the "terahertz gap" relies upon synthesizing arbitrary waveforms in the terahertz domain enabling applications that require both narrow band sources for sensing and few-cycle drives for classical and quantum objects. However, realization of custom ...

Reaction optimization is challenging and traditionally delegated to domain experts who iteratively pro-pose increasingly optimal experiments. Problematically, the reaction landscape is complex and often requires hundreds of experiments to reach convergence ...

It has been observed that achiral nanoparticles, such as flat helices, may be subjected to an optical torque even when illuminated by normally incident linearly polarized light. However, the origin of this fascinating phenomenon has so far remained mostly ...

Ultrafast optical-domain spectroscopies allow to monitor in real time the motion of nuclei in molecules. Achieving element-selectivity had to await the advent of time resolved X-ray spectroscopy, which is now commonly carried at X-ray free electron lasers. ...

Ultrafast broadband circular dichroism in the deep ultraviolet

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Quantifying functional group compositions of household fuel-burning emissions

Benchmarking machine-readable vectors of chemical reactions on computed activation barriers

Numerical Study of the Attosecond Free-Electron Laser Pulse Generation in the Soft X-ray Regime at the SwissFEL

Exciton migration in two-dimensional materials

Microsecond Time-Resolved Cryo-Electron Microscopy

Controlling crystal cleavage in focused ion beam shaped specimens for surface spectroscopy

Label-Free Techniques for Probing Biomolecular Condensates

Alignment of ND3 molecules in dc-electric fields

Advanced Silicon and SWIR Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes: Design, Simulation, and Characterization

Plasmonic Nanostructures for Photocatalysis: Material, Photonic and Electronic Effects

Dielectric Tetramer Nanoresonators Supporting Strong Superchiral Fields for Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy

Progress and prospects in nonlinear extreme-ultraviolet and X-ray optics and spectroscopy

Generation and control of localized terahertz fields in photoemitted electron plasmas

Ultrafast Electron Microscopy of Nanoscale Charge Dynamics in Semiconductors

Inferring free-energy barriers and kinetic rates from molecular dynamics via underdamped Langevin models

Operando identification of a side-on nickel superoxide intermediate and the mechanism of oxygen evolution on nickel oxyhydroxide

Terahertz waveform synthesis in integrated thin-film lithium niobate platform

Bayesian Optimization for Chemical Reactions

Multipolar Pseudochirality-Induced Optical Torque

Element- and enantiomer-selective visualization of molecular motion in real-time