Small effects of smoking on visual spatiotemporal processing

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Background RNA splicing is a key post-transcriptional mechanism that generates protein diversity and contributes to the fine-tuning of gene expression, which may facilitate adaptation to environmental challenges. Here, we employ a systems approach to study ...

The unique vulnerability to infection of newborns and young infants is generally explained by a constellation of differences between early-life immune responses and immune responses at later ages, often referred to as neonatal immune immaturity. This devel ...

The introduction and widespread use of antiretroviral therapy against Human Immunodefi-ciency Virus (HIV) has had a remarkable effect on disease progression and the longevity of infected individuals. However, the establishment of a latent viral reservoir a ...

The cholinergic system is known to strongly modulate perceptual and cognitive processes, and the alpha7 subunit of the cholinergic nicotinic receptor (CHRNA7) is broadly expressed within the visual system. Here, we assessed whether genetic variations of CH ...

Genetic variation in the peptide-binding groove of the highly polymorphic HLA class I molecules has repeatedly been associated with HIV-1 control and progression to AIDS, accounting for up to 12% of the variation in HIV-1 set point viral load (spVL). This ...

Studies have shown that both nicotine and sleep spindles are associated with enhanced memorisation. Further, a few recent studies have shown how cholinergic input through nicotinic and muscarinic receptors can trigger or modulate sleep processes in general ...

Climate warming affects plant physiology through genetic adaptation and phenotypic plasticity, but little is known about how these mechanisms influence ecosystem processes. We used three elevation gradients and a reciprocal transplant experiment to show th ...

Background The gut microbiome is an important determinant of human health. Its composition has been shown to be influenced by multiple environmental factors and likely by host genetic variation. In the framework of the Milieu Interieur Consortium, a total ...

Studying the genetic basis of gene expression and chromatin organization is key to characterizing the effect of genetic variability on the function and structure of the human genome. Here we unravel how genetic variation perturbs gene regulation using a da ...

The neocortex is densely innervated by basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons. Long-range axons of cholinergic neurons regulate higher-order cognitive function and dysfunction in the neocortex by releasing acetylcholine (ACh). ACh release dynamically rec ...

Small effects of smoking on visual spatiotemporal processing

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Enteric infection induces Lark-mediated intron retention at the 5 ' end of Drosophila genes

Susceptibility to infection in early life: a growing role for human genetics

HIV host genomics in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy

Associations between genetic variations and global motion perception

HIV peptidome-wide association study reveals patient-specific epitope repertoires associated with HIV control

Nicotine increases sleep spindle activity

Plastic and genetic responses of a common sedge to warming have contrasting effects on carbon cycle processes

A comprehensive assessment of demographic, environmental, and host genetic associations with gut microbiome diversity in healthy individuals

Chromatin three-dimensional interactions mediate genetic effects on gene expression

Cellular, Synaptic and Network Effects of Acetylcholine in the Neocortex