Role of nonadiabatic untrapped electrons in global electrostatic ion temperature gradient driven modes in a tokamak

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The ultrafast dynamics of charge carriers in solids plays a pivotal role in emerging optoelectronics, photonics, energy harvesting, and quantum technology applications. However, the investigation and direct visualization of such nonequilibrium phenomena re ...

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Lightning interaction with the ionosphere

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Lightning discharges, including cloud-to-ground (CG) and intracloud (IC) lightning, are known to emit electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) in a wide frequency band ranging from few Hz up to hundreds MHz [1]. During the breakdown and ionization processes (mostly f ...

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Hints of the Photonic Nature of the Electromagnetic Fields in Classical Electrodynamics

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Several recent publications show that the electromagnetic radiation generated by transmitting antennas satisfy the following universal conditions: The time domain radiation fields satisfy the condition A ≥ h/4π ⇒ q ≥ e where A is the action of the radiatio ...

2023

Numerical and experimental investigations of a microwave interferometer for the negative ion source SPIDER

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The electron density close to the extraction grids and the co-extracted electrons represent a crucial issue when operating negative ion sources for fusion reactors. An excessive electron density in the plasma expansion region can indeed inhibit the negativ ...

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Layered hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (LHOIP) materials are an emerging class of semiconductors endorsed as a more stable alternative compared to the more widely investigated 3D hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites (HOIP). Consisting of altern ...

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Investigation of the interplay between Electron-Cyclotron waves, suprathermal electrons and turbulence in tokamak plasmas

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Electron-Cyclotron waves are routinely used in tokamaks to heat the plasma and to drive current through the electron channel. Their unique ability to drive very localized current renders them the main foreseen tool for neoclassical tearing mode mitigation ...

EPFL2023

Experimental and numerical investigations of electron transport enhancement by electron-cyclotron plasma-wave interaction in tokamaks

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Energy transfer from electron-cyclotron (EC) waves to the plasma is being routinely used in tokamaks to heat and drive current through the electron channel. Technical applications such as magnetohydrodynamic mode mitigation require power deposition with a ...

IOP Publishing Ltd2023

Investigations on Caesium Dispersion and Molybdenum Coating on SPIDER Components

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SPIDER is the 100 keV full-size Negative Ion Source prototype of the ITER Neutral Beam Injector, operating at Consorzio RFX in Padova, Italy. The largest Negative Ion Source in the world, SPIDER generates an RF driven plasma from which Deuterium or Hydroge ...

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Computation of the attenuation function of the lightning return-stroke current from electromagnetic fields measured in a short-duration time-window, Part I: Theoretical investigation

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In a recent paper, a procedure to reconstruct the attenuation function of a return-stroke current from the simultaneous measurements of the channel-base current and the radiated electromagnetic fields was presented. One of the assumptions of the whole fram ...

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Multielectron Redox Chemistry of Uranium by Accessing the plus II Oxidation State and Enabling Reduction to a U(I) Synthon

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Thesynthesis of molecular uranium complexes in oxidation stateslower than +3 remains a challenge despite the interest for their multielectrontransfer reactivity and electronic structures. Herein, we report theone- and two-electron reduction of a U(III) com ...

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In the last decades, the activation of small molecules has attracted increasing attention for their use as cheap and abundant feedstock. Low-oxidation state uranium complexes have displayed high reactivity towards small molecules thanks to their unique pro ...

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