Thermo-Economic Modelling and Optimisation of Fuel Cell Systems

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With a given power demand pattern supplied by a set of pulverized fuel coal- fired (PC) power generation units at various locations, different power dispatching solutions will result in different fuel consumptions, CO2 emissions, and power generation costs. This is due to the performance differences of their shut-down and start-up processes as well as those under the operational conditions, and to fuel prices differences between different power stations. In this paper, a methodology characterized with a mul

This paper compares three heuristic methods (SA, TS and GA) applied to the optimal location of FACTS devices in a power system. The optimizations are made on three parameters: the location of the devices, their types and their sizes. The FACTS devices are located in order to enhance the system security. Five types of FACTS controllers are modeled for steady-state studies: TCSC, TCVR, TCPST, SVC and UPFC. Simulations are performed on an IEEE 118-bus power system for several numbers of devices. Results show t

The huge success of eBay has proven the demand for customer-to-customer (C2C) electronic commerce. eBay is a centralized infrastructure with all its scalability problems (network bandwidth, server load, availability, etc.). In this paper we argue that C2C e-commerce is an application domain that maps naturally onto the emergent field of P2P systems simply by its underlying interaction model of customers, i.e., peers. This offers the opportunity to take P2P systems beyond mere file sharing systems into inter

For many years, calorimetry has been recognized as a powerful and universal tool for monitoring chem. and biol. processes. A lab.-scale reaction calorimeter (RC1, Mettler-Toledo), initially developed for chem. reaction studies with a sensitivity of 100-150 mW/l, has been improved to enable the monitoring of very low heat prodn. rates (

The implementation of bio-inspired systems in hardware has traditionally been more a matter of artistry than of method. The reasons are multiple, but one of the main problems has always been the lack of a universal platform, of a standardized architecture, and of a proper methodology for the implementation of such systems. The ideas presented in this article are the first results of a new research project, "Reconfigurable POEtic Tissue". The goal of the project is the development of a hardware platform capa

We describe a model and implementation of evolutionary spiking neurons for embedded microcontrollers with few bytes of memory and very low power consumption. The approach is tested with an autonomous microrobot of less than 1 in^3 that evolves the ability to move in a small maze without human intervention and external computers. Considering the very large diffusion, small size, and low cost of embedded microcontrollers, the approach described here could find its way in several intelligent devices with senso

In the past decade, networked virtual environments (NVEs) have been an increasingly active area of research, with the first commercial systems emerging recently. Graphical and behavioral representation of users within such systems is a particularly important issue that has lagged in development behind other issues such as network architectures and space structuring. We expose the importance of using virtual humans within these systems and provide a brief overview of several virtual human technologies used i

Hybrid solar thermal power plants (with parabolic trough type of solar collectors) featuring gas burners and Rankine steam cycles have been successfully demonstrated by California's Solar Electric Generating System (SEGS). This system has been proven to be one of the most efficient and economical schemes to convert solar energy into electricity. Recent technological progress opens interesting prospects for advanced cycle concepts: a) the ISCCS (Integrated Solar Combined Cycle System) that integrates the par

This paper presents an efficient simplification method for regular meshes obtained with a binary subdivision scheme. Our mesh connectivity is constrained with a quadtree data structure. We propose a quadtree built especially for this class of meshes having a constant-time traversal property. We introduce a rate-distortion (RD) framework to decimate the mesh and build a progressive representation for the model. We propose to achieve the RD-optimal solutions for our quadtree-restricted setting: to obtain the

Steam production units (HRSG and HSSG) of ISCCS include several heat exchangers (economizers, evaporator, superheater, reheaters, etc.). The knowledge of the extended composites as a function of the solar input, allows the determination of the most critical zones for heat transfer but does not allow, in itself, the full knowledge of the real streams needed to be able to design an optimum heat exchanger network. The procedure proposed in this paper permits, from so called interaction factors which characteri

After an experimental study of refrigerants HFC-134a, HCFC-123, HFC- 404A and HFC-407C, and considerable modifications to the test stand, LENI has undertaken a new experimental program and has assembled a large new database for evaporation of ammonia and two ammonia-oil mixtures (1% and 3% wt. oil) inside horizontal tubes with smooth and enhanced surfaces. This work extends the current database to include a refrigerant in which there is a marked renewal of interest. The comparison of the ammonia results wit

An alternative structure for adaptive linear prediction is proposed in which the adaptive filter is replaced by a cascade of inde- pendently adapting, low-order stages, and the prediction is generated by means of successive refinements. When the adaptation algorithm for the stages is LMS, the associated short filters are less affected by eigenvalue spread and mode coupling problems and display a faster convergence to their steady-state value. Experimental results show that a cascade of second-order LMS filt

Thermo-Economic Modelling and Optimisation of Fuel Cell Systems

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Multi-Criteria Optimization of Pulverized Fuel Coal-Fired Power Generation System Load Dispatching

Optimal location of FACTS devices to enhance power system security

Beyond "Web of Trust": Enabling P2P E-commerce

Quantitative calorimetric investigation of fed-batch cultures of Bacillus sphaericus 1593M

A POEtic Architecture for Bio-Inspired Hardware

Evolutionary Bits'n'Spikes

Simulating virtual humans in networked virtual environments

Thermoeconomic Analysis of Advanced Solar-Fossil Combined Power Plants

Progressive Meshes in an Operational Rate-Distortion Sense with Application to Terrain Data

Approche de conception et d’optimisation de centrale solaire intégrée à cycle combiné inspirée de la méthode du pincement (partie II: réseau d’échangeurs de chaleur)

Evaporation de mélanges d’ammoniac et d’huile dans des tubes.

An FIR cascade structure for adaptive linear prediction