Circumstantial evidenceCircumstantial evidence is evidence that relies on an inference to connect it to a conclusion of fact—such as a fingerprint at the scene of a crime. By contrast, direct evidence supports the truth of an assertion directly—i.e., without need for any additional evidence or inference. On its own, circumstantial evidence allows for more than one explanation. Different pieces of circumstantial evidence may be required, so that each corroborates the conclusions drawn from the others.
Machine virtuellethumb|Machine virtuelle des assistants personnels Palm. En informatique, une machine virtuelle (anglais virtual machine, abr. VM) est d'un appareil informatique créée par un logiciel d'émulation ou instanciée sur un hyperviseur. Le logiciel d'émulation simule la présence de ressources matérielles et logicielles telles que la mémoire, le processeur, le disque dur, voire le système d'exploitation et les pilotes, permettant d'exécuter des programmes dans les mêmes conditions que celles de la machine simulée.
ÉnactionLa notion d'énaction est une façon de concevoir la cognition qui met l'accent sur la manière dont les organismes et esprits humains s'organisent eux-mêmes en interaction avec l'environnement. L'approche théorique de la cognition selon la notion d'énaction, nommée , fut proposée par Gregory Bateson, Humberto Maturana, Francisco Varela, Evan Thompson, et Eleanor Rosch. Elle est proche de la cognition située et de la cognition incarnée et est conçue comme une alternative au cognitivisme, au computationnalisme et au dualisme de Descartes.
Facial motion captureFacial motion capture is the process of electronically converting the movements of a person's face into a digital database using cameras or laser scanners. This database may then be used to produce computer graphics (CG), computer animation for movies, games, or real-time avatars. Because the motion of CG characters is derived from the movements of real people, it results in a more realistic and nuanced computer character animation than if the animation were created manually.
Preuve (droit)vignette|Police scientifique cherchant des empreintes digitales qui serviront de preuves En droit, une preuve est un élément qui permet à un tiers de s'assurer de la véracité d'un fait. Dans la plupart des législations pénales ou civiles, l'altération de preuves visant, soit à altérer, falsifier ou effacer des traces ou indices, soit d’ouvrir une fausse piste, constitue une infraction grave punie par la loi. Preuve en droit civil français Preuve en droit pénal français Preuve en droit civil québécois Charge
Motion simulatorA motion simulator or motion platform is a mechanism that creates the feelings of being in a real motion environment. In a simulator, the movement is synchronised with a visual display of the outside world (OTW) scene. Motion platforms can provide movement in all of the six degrees of freedom (DOF) that can be experienced by an object that is free to move, such as an aircraft or spacecraft:. These are the three rotational degrees of freedom (roll, pitch, yaw) and three translational or linear degrees of freedom (surge, heave, sway).
Motion controllerIn video games and entertainment systems, a motion controller is a type of game controller that uses accelerometers or other sensors to track motion and provide input. Motion controllers using accelerometers are used as controllers for video games, which was made more popular since 2006 by the Wii Remote controller for Nintendo's Wii console, which uses accelerometers to detect its approximate orientation and acceleration, and serves an image sensor, so it can be used as a pointing device.
Hardware virtualizationHardware virtualization is the virtualization of computers as complete hardware platforms, certain logical abstractions of their componentry, or only the functionality required to run various operating systems. Virtualization hides the physical characteristics of a computing platform from the users, presenting instead an abstract computing platform. At its origins, the software that controlled virtualization was called a "control program", but the terms "hypervisor" or "virtual machine monitor" became preferred over time.
Sciences cognitivesthumb|283x283px|Les six disciplines scientifiques constituant les sciences cognitives et leurs liens interdisciplinaires, par l'un des pères fondateurs du domaine, G. A. Miller. Les traits pleins symbolisent les disciplines entre lesquelles existaient déjà des liens scientifiques à la naissance des sciences cognitives ; en pointillés, les disciplines entre lesquelles des interfaces se sont développées depuis lors.
Word-sense inductionIn computational linguistics, word-sense induction (WSI) or discrimination is an open problem of natural language processing, which concerns the automatic identification of the senses of a word (i.e. meanings). Given that the output of word-sense induction is a set of senses for the target word (sense inventory), this task is strictly related to that of word-sense disambiguation (WSD), which relies on a predefined sense inventory and aims to solve the ambiguity of words in context.
Finger trackingIn the field of gesture recognition and , finger tracking is a high-resolution technique developed in 1969 that is employed to know the consecutive position of the fingers of the user and hence represent objects in 3D. In addition to that, the finger tracking technique is used as a tool of the computer, acting as an external device in our computer, similar to a keyboard and a mouse. The finger tracking system is focused on user-data interaction, where the user interacts with virtual data, by handling through the fingers the volumetric of a 3D object that we want to represent.
