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Systematic screening of viral and human genetic variation identifies antiretroviral resistance and immune escape link

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In addition to direct and cross-presentation, dendritic cells (DCs) can present tumor antigens (TAs) to T cells via a hitherto poorly understood mechanism called "cross-dressing." DC cross-dressing involves the acquisition of preformed peptide-major histoc ...

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Recent advances in the field of nanomaterials demonstrated how their use for vaccination can drastically improve immune responses, mainly by enhancing delivery and uptake of vaccine components. However, our understanding of the connections between presenta ...

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Immunotherapy has been used in oncology in order to awaken the immune system of the patient against cancer. Within this promising field is emerging the use of therapeutic cancer vaccines, using tumor specific antigens to stimulate dendritic cells (DCs) ex ...

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Multiple myeloma is a prevalent and incurable disease, despite the development of new and effective drugs. The recent development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)T cells has shown impressive results in the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractor ...

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A Nanoscaffolded Spike-RBD Vaccine Provides Protection against SARS-CoV-2 with Minimal Anti-Scaffold Response

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The response of the adaptive immune system is augmented by multimeric presentation of a specific antigen, resembling viral particles. Several vaccines have been designed based on natural or designed protein scaffolds, which exhibited a potent adaptive immu ...

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Proteins are fundamental components in biological systems and crucial for a variety of biological functions. Over the last decades, significant progress in structural biology has facilitated the study of proteins and their interactions with molecular partn ...

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The detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific antibodies in the serum of an individual indicates previous infection or vaccination. However, it provides limited insight into the protective nature of this immune resp ...

AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE2021

HLA tapasin independence: broader peptide repertoire and HIV control

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Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I allotypes vary in their ability to present peptides in the absence of tapasin, an essential component of the peptide loading complex. We quantified tapasin dependence of all allotypes that are common in European and Af ...

National Academy of Sciences2020

HLA Heterozygote Advantage against HIV-1 Is Driven by Quantitative and Qualitative Differences in HLA Allele-Specific Peptide Presentation

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Pathogen-mediated balancing selection is regarded as a key driver of host immunogenetic diversity. A hallmark for balancing selection in humans is the heterozygote advantage at genes of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), resulting in improved HIV-1 control ...

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CD36-mediated metabolic adaptation supports regulatory T cell survival and function in tumors

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Depleting regulatory T cells (T-reg cells) to counteract immunosuppressive features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is an attractive strategy for cancer treatment; however, autoimmunity due to systemic impairment of their suppressive function limits it ...

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