Perovskitoid-Templated Formation of a 1D@3D Perovskite Structure toward Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Longevity is a long-standing concern for organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Recently, the use of low dimensional perovskite has been proven to be a promising strategy to improve the stability of PSCs. Herein, it is demonstrated that 1D perovskitoid based on 2-diethylaminoethylchloride cations can act as a template to induce 1D@3D perovskite structure, leading to smoother surface texture, longer charge-carrier lifetime, smaller residual tensile strain, and reduced surface-defect density in the perovskite film. With this strategy, highly efficient and stable 1D@3D PSC with excellent reproducibility, showing a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.9% under standard AM 1.5 G one sun illumination is realized. The unencapsulated optimized devices can retain 94.7%, 92.4%, and 90.0% of their initial PCEs for 2100, 2200, and 2200 h under ambient air, 85 degrees C and illumination conditions, respectively.