Neural and muscular factors both contribute to plantar-flexor muscle weakness in older fallers

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Objective: We predicted that accelerometry would be a viable alternative to electromyography (EMG) for assessing fundamental Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) measurements (e.g. Resting Motor Threshold (RMT), recruitment curves, latencies). New Metho ...

Animals, including humans, exhibit a remarkable variety of complex behaviours. How the nervous system controls all these behaviours ranging from simple, stereotyped movements to flexible, adaptive actions is a central questions of neuroscience. One of the ...

The decline of motor ability is a hallmark feature of aging and is accompanied by degeneration of motor synaptic terminals. Consistent with this, Drosophila motor synapses undergo characteristic age -dependent structural fragmentation co -incident with dim ...

Upper-limb occupational exoskeletons to support the workers' upper arms are typically designed to provide antigravitational support. Although typical work activities require workers to perform static and dynamic actions, the majority of the studies in lite ...

Among the inherited myopathies, a group of muscular disorders characterized by structural and metabolic impairments in skeletal muscle, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) stands out for its devastating progression. DMD pathogenesis is driven by the progress ...

One of the most common knee injuries is the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) rupture with severe implications on knee stability. The usual treatment is the ACL Reconstruction (ACLR) surgery where the surgeon replaces the torn ligament with a graft in an ef ...

Subcortical brain structures such as the basal ganglia or the thalamus are involved in regulating motor and cognitive behavior. However, their contribution to perceptual consciousness is still unclear, due to the inherent difficulties of recording subcorti ...

Locomotion is based on a sophisticated interaction among the environment, the musculoskeletal system, the spinal cord, and the brain locomotor areas. Quality of life is strongly related to the proper capability of this movement. However, many pathologies, ...

Animal locomotion is the result of complex and multi-layered interactions between the nervous system, the musculo-skeletal system and the environment. Decoding the underlying mechanisms requires an integrative approach. Comparative experimental biology has ...

Biological motor control is versatile, efficient, and depends on proprioceptive feedback. Muscles are flexible and undergo continuous changes, requiring distributed adaptive control mechanisms that continuously account for the body's state. The canonical r ...

Quadruped animal locomotion emerges from the interactions between the spinal central pattern generator (CPG), sensory feedback, and supraspinal drive signals from the brain. Computational models of CPGs have been widely used for investigating the spinal co ...

The premotor (PM) and primary motor (M1) cortical areas broadcast voluntary motor commands through multiple neuronal pathways, including the corticorubral projection that reaches the red nucleus (RN). However, the respective contribution of M1 and PM to co ...

The spinal cord is an elongated nervous structure that together with the brain forms the central nervous system. It relays sensory and motor information between the brain and the body, thus controlling most somatic and autonomic body functions. In recent y ...

Exoskeletons intended for partial assistance of walking should be able to follow the gait pattern of their users, via online adaptive control strategies rather than imposing predefined kinetic or kinematic profiles. NeuroMuscular Controllers (NMCs) are ada ...

Planning and execution of voluntary movement depend on the contribution of distinct classes of neurons in primary motor and premotor areas. However, timing and pattern of activation of GABAergic cells during specific motor behaviors remain only partly unde ...

Objective. Powered lower-limb prostheses relying on decoding motor intentions from non-invasive sensors, like electromyographic (EMG) signals, can significantly improve the quality of life of amputee subjects. However, the optimal combination of high decod ...

Multi-polar stimulation protocols have been used in the past to increase the selectivity of electrical stimulation of the nervous system. Nonetheless, the number of possible multipolar stimulation protocols is prohibitively large and cannot be explored dur ...

Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) affects almost 500,000 people every year, causing complete paralysis of both legs in severe cases, with no current treatment perspective. However, new neuroengineering technologies, such as the Brain Spine Interface (BSI), have eme ...

Objective. Studying the neural components regulating movement in human locomotion is obstructed by the inability to perform invasive experimental recording in the human neural circuits. Neuromechanical simulations can provide insights by modeling the locom ...

There is a lack of knowledge about the accuracy of the Conventional Gait Model (CGM), compared to the true bone motion. Accuracy is hindered by both marker misplacement and soft-tissue artefact (STA). The effect of the lateral knee marker (KNE) misplacemen ...

Neural and muscular factors both contribute to plantar-flexor muscle weakness in older fallers

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Accelerometry as a tool for measuring the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation

Uncovering interactions between Descending Neurons as a functional principle of behavioural control

Trio preserves motor synapses and prolongs motor ability during aging

Evaluation of antigravitational support levels provided by a passive upper-limb occupational exoskeleton in repetitive arm movements

Cyclo His-Pro Attenuates Muscle Degeneration in Murine Myopathy Models

Can lateral tenodesis improve the rotational stability of the ACL reconstruction? A finite element analysis

Subcortical correlates of consciousness with human single neuron recordings

Investigating the neuromechanical control of healthy gait modulation and pathological gaits observed in cerebral palsy using neuromuscular simulations

Integration of feedforward and feedback control in the neuromechanics of vertebrate locomotion: a review of experimental, simulation and robotic studies

Contrasting action and posture coding with hierarchical deep neural network models of proprioception

Puppeteer and Marionette: Learning Anticipatory Quadrupedal Locomotion Based on Interactions of a Central Pattern Generator and Supraspinal Drive

Loss of Motor Cortical Inputs to the Red Nucleus after CNS Disorders in Nonhuman Primates

Digital reconstruction of the mammalian spinal cord: from anatomical reference volume to cell type atlas of the mouse spinal cord

Novel Design and Implementation of a Neuromuscular Controller on a Hip Exoskeleton for Partial Gait Assistance

Fast-Spiking Interneurons of the Premotor Cortex Contribute to Initiation and Execution of Spontaneous Actions

Early decoding of walking tasks with minimal set of EMG channels

Reconstruction of nerve functional topography using recruitment curves enables selective electrical stimulation

Brain-controlled spinal cord stimulation to restore mobility after spinal cord injury

Investigating the roles of reflexes and central pattern generators in the control and modulation of human locomotion using a physiologically plausible neuromechanical model

On the accuracy of the Conventional gait Model: Distinction between marker misplacement and soft tissue artefact errors