Pancreas-specific deletion of beta-catenin reveals Wnt-dependent and Wnt-independent functions during development

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The pancreas is an essential organ present in all vertebrates, and human pancreatic agenesis is an extremely rare disorder of largely unknown genetic determinants. A study now demonstrates that a primate-specific regulatory network controlled by the KRAB z ...

2023

Development of a novel Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) for its use in Natural Killer (NK) cells for cancer treatment and beyond

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The use of CAR technologies has revolutionized cancer treatment. Their unprecedented efficacy against B cell malignancies has opened the doors for a lot of excitement and research in the field. These synthetic receptors are composed of an antigen recogniti ...

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A single-cell-based characterization of mammalian adipose stem and progenitor cell heterogeneity and function

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White adipose tissue (WAT) is a cellularly heterogeneous endocrine organ that not only serves as a reservoir for storing and releasing energy but also actively participates in metabolic homeostasis. Given the current rise in obesity and its associated como ...

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Balancing the Nanoscale Organization in Multivalent Materials for Functional Inhibition of the Programmed Death-1 Immune Checkpoint

Maartje Martina Cornelia Bastings, Kaltrina Paloja, Jorieke Weiden

Dendritic cells (DCs) regulate immune priming by expressing programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-L2, which interact with the inhibitory receptor PD-1 on activated T cells. PD-1 signaling regulates T cell effector functions and limits autoimmunity. Tumo ...

Amer Chemical Soc2023

Regulation and function of a hemicleaved Activin-A processing intermediate in melanoma

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Activin-A is a Transforming Growth Factor-B (TGFB)-related cytokine that regulates various biological processes including cell proliferation and differentiation through autocrine, paracrine or endocrine signaling. Activin-A expression is upregulated in mul ...

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Low temperature and mTOR inhibition favor stem cell maintenance in human keratinocyte cultures

Kai Johnsson, Yann Barrandon, Thomas Michael Braschler, Ariane Rochat, Jean-Baptiste Bureau, Fahd Azzabi Zouraq, Johannes Alexander Mosig

Adult autologous human epidermal stem cells can be extensively expanded ex vivo for cell and gene therapy. Identifying the mechanisms involved in stem cell maintenance and defining culture conditions to maintain stemness is critical, because an inadequate ...

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Metabolic dependencies of metastasis-initiating cells in breast cancer

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Metastasis is the process by which cancer cells from the primary tumor travel through the blood stream to generate a secondary tumor site in a distant organ. Although very few cells are able to make this journey, the resulting effects are dire since most c ...

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Bioengineering human mini-intestines with in vivo-like complexity and function

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Biological research heavily relies on the use of animal models, which has made it difficult to answer specific questions about human biology and disease. However, with the advent of human organoids - miniature versions of tissues generated in 3D human stem ...

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Countering T cell exhaustion and senescence for enhanced adoptive T cell therapies against solid tumors

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CAR-T cell therapy has shown remarkable success in treating hematopoietic malignancies, but its efficacy in solid tumors is limited by T cell dysfunction, including exhaustion and senescence. In this study, we designed metabolically armored CAR-T cells to ...

EPFL2023

Disruption of stem cell niche-confined R-spondin 3 expression leads to impaired hematopoiesis

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Self-renewal and differentiation of stem and progenitor cells are tightly regulated to ensure tissue homeostasis. This regulation is enabled both remotely by systemic circulating cues, such as cytokines and hormones, and locally by various niche-confined f ...

ELSEVIER2023