Synthesis of chemical tools to improve water solubility and promote the delivery of salinomycin to cancer cells

Chemotherapy and radiation are unable to eliminate all cancer cells, particularly apoptosis-resistant cancer cells, despite their ability to kill cancer cluster cells. Thus, it is important to identify methods that eliminate all cancer cells in order to prevent relapse. Salinomycin has the ability to control and eradicate different types of cancer, including breast cancer; however, its molecular mechanism remains unclear. The main difficulty in testing salinomycin activity and understanding the governing mechanisms is its low solubility in water (17 mg/l), which can hinder convenient delivery of salinomycin to the protein receptor at the cell surface of stem cells. In the present study, salinomycin was conjugated to the trans-activator of transcription-protein in order to facilitate its delivery to the cancer cells. Conjugated salinomycin demonstrated improved solubility in both in vitro. Salinomycin was tested in breast cancer cells (MCF7 and JIMT-1) by the cleavage of the linker through photolysis at l >= 365 nm during in vitro analysis, in the present study.