Visual backward masking deficits in schizotypy are observed in late but not early onset nicotine smokers

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Oxidative stress can contribute to the development of diseases, and may originate from exposures to toxicants commonly found in air pollution and cigarette smoke such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Yet, as ...

This study aimed to evaluate the association of the neighborhood environment with the spatio-temporal dependence of tobacco consumption and changes in smoking-related behaviors in a Swiss urban area. ...

In the past 10 years, our laboratory has proved the shine-through paradigm to be a very sensitive endophenotype for schizophrenia. The shine-through paradigm is a visual backward masking task, where the target is a vertical vernier followed by a 25-element ...

Fast synaptic transmission relies upon the activation of ionotropic receptors by neurotransmitter release to evoke postsynaptic potentials. Glutamate and GABA play dominant roles in driving highly dynamic activity in synaptically connected neuronal circuit ...

BACKGROUND: Hippocampal alterations are among the most replicated neuroimaging findings across the psychosis spectrum. Moreover, there is strong translational evidence that preserving the maturation of hippocampal networks in mice models prevents the progr ...

In this work, we report the demonstration of the capability of electrochemical sensors to provide measurements directly on the sweat of volunteers to successfully discriminate heavy smokers by light ones. Since its importance as pharmaceutical treatment-ag ...

Background Positive symptoms are a useful predictor of aggression in schizophrenia. Although a similar pattern of abnormal brain structures related to both positive symptoms and aggression has been reported, this observation has not yet been confirmed in a ...

In visual backward masking (VBM), a target is followed by a mask. Over the past decade, a VBM task, called the Shine-Through paradigm (ST), has been shown to be a very sensitive endophenotype of schizophrenia. In the present thesis, the electrophysiologica ...

Studies have shown that both nicotine and sleep spindles are associated with enhanced memorisation. Further, a few recent studies have shown how cholinergic input through nicotinic and muscarinic receptors can trigger or modulate sleep processes in general ...

Schizophrenia is a complex and devastating mental disorder that influences how one behaves, feels, and thinks. It affects a little less than 1 % of the world population and it is understood to be partly genetically mediated. Several genetic risk factors of ...

Masking is strongly deteriorated in schizophrenia patients and to a lesser extent in their healthy relatives. For this reason, masking is a good endophenotype. Here, we show the EEG correlates of masking across the schizophrenia continuum in order to tackl ...

Introduction Smoking bans were suggested to reduce smoking prevalence and increase quit ratio but their equity impact remains unclear. We aimed to characterise the socioeconomic status (SES)-related inequalities in smoking prevalence and quit ratio before ...

BACKGROUND: 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is the third-largest known genetic risk factor for the development of psychosis. Dysconnectivity has consistently been implicated in the physiopathology of psychosis. Structural covariance of cortical morphol ...

Social dominance can be attained through social competitions. Recent work in both humans and rodents has identified trait anxiety as a crucial predictor of social competitiveness. In addition, the anxiolytic GABAA positive modulator, diazepam, injected eit ...

Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disease strongly influenced by genetic factors. We have previously shown that visual backward masking (VBM) is a very sensitive endophenotype of schizophrenia (Chkonia et al., 2010). Importantly, not only patients but also ...

Visual backward masking is strongly deteriorated in patients with schizophrenia. Masking deficits are associated with strongly reduced amplitudes of the global field power in the EEG. Healthy participants who scored high in cognitive disorganization (a sch ...

In visual backward masking (VBM), a target is followed by a mask, which deteriorates performance on the target. Schizophrenia and first episodes patients show strong behavioral deficits, reflected in strongly reduced amplitudes of the EEG as compared to co ...

Pneumonia is a leading cause of hospitalization in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although most patients with COPD are smokers, the effects of cigarette smoke exposure on clearance of lung bacterial pathogens and on immune and ...

In visual backward masking, a target is followed by a blank screen (ISI - Inter-stimulus-interval) and, then, a mask which deteriorates target processing. Schizophrenic patients show strong but complex processing deficits in visual masking compared to heal ...

Nicotine consumption is higher for people within the schizophrenia spectrum compared to controls. This observation supports the self-medication hypothesis, that nicotine relives symptoms in, for example, schizophrenia patients. We tested whether performanc ...

Visual backward masking deficits in schizotypy are observed in late but not early onset nicotine smokers

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Associations between urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress and biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure in smokers

The neighborhood environment and its association with the spatio-temporal footprint of tobacco consumption and changes in smoking-related behaviors in a Swiss urban area

The shine-through paradigm and the schizophrenia spectrum: a summary

Cell-type-specific nicotinic input disinhibits mouse barrel cortex during active sensing

Dysmaturation Observed as Altered Hippocampal Functional Connectivity at Rest Is Associated With the Emergence of Positive Psychotic Symptoms in Patients With 22q11 Deletion Syndrome

Electrochemical determination of nicotine in smokers' sweat

An overlapping pattern of cerebral cortical thinning is associated with both positive symptoms and aggression in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium

Electrophysiological correlates of visual backward masking in the schizophrenia continuum

Nicotine increases sleep spindle activity

EEG signatures of schizophrenia: visual backward masking and microstates

Visual masking and schizophrenia: enhancement deficit 200 ms after stimulus onset

Public smoking ban and socioeconomic inequalities in smoking prevalence and cessation: a cross-sectional population-based study in Geneva, Switzerland (1995–2014)

Cortical Dysconnectivity Measured by Structural Covariance Is Associated With the Presence of Psychotic Symptoms in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

GABA A receptors in the ventral tegmental area control the outcome of a social competition in rats

Visual backward masking and the schizophrenia spectrum: EEG correlates

Electrophysiological correlates of visual backward masking in high schizotypic personality traits participants

Neural correlates of visual backward masking in psychosis

Increased Myeloid Cell Production and Lung Bacterial Clearance in Mice Exposed to Cigarette Smoke

Backward masking performance in patients with functional psychoses

Does chronic nicotine consumption influence visual backward masking in schizophrenia and schizotypy?