Using Negative Control Populations to Assess Unmeasured Confounding and Direct Effects

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Background Each year, five million people are left disabled after stroke. Upper -extremity (UE) dysfunction is a leading problem. Neuroplasticity can be enhanced by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) but evidence from large, randomized multicenter trial ...

Introduction: COVID-19 remains a significant risk for the immunocompromised given their lower responsiveness to vaccination or infection. Therefore, passive immunity through long-acting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) offers a needed approach for pre-exposure ...

The growing popularity of virtual reality systems has led to a renewed interest in understanding the neurophysiological correlates of the illusion of self-motion (vection), a phenomenon that can be both intentionally induced or avoided in such systems, dep ...

Background Disrupted sense of agency (SoA)-the sense of being the agent of one's own actions-has been demonstrated in patients with functional neurological disorder (FND), and a key area of the corresponding neuronal network is the right temporoparietal ju ...

Reinforcement feedback can improve motor learning, but the underlying brain mechanisms remain underexplored. In particular, the causal contribution of specific patterns of oscillatory activity within the human striatum is unknown. To address this question, ...

In a context of escalating public health challenges, including the rise of chronic diseases, the impact of climate change, and the COVID-19 pandemic, certain populations bear a disproportionate burden. As a result, there is an urgent need to develop public ...

Aerosol transmission remains a major challenge for control of respiratory viruses, particularly those causing recurrent epidemics, like influenza A virus (IAV). These viruses are rarely expelled alone, but instead are embedded in a consortium of microorgan ...

A critical role of online platforms like Facebook, Wikipedia, YouTube, Amazon, Doordash, and Tinder is to moderate content. Interventions like banning users or deleting comments are carried out thousands of times daily and can potentially improve our onlin ...

The presence of competing events, such as death, makes it challenging to define causal effects on recurrent outcomes. In this thesis, I formalize causal inference for recurrent events, with and without competing events. I define several causal estimands an ...

The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized cancer therapy but only a fraction of patients benefits from this therapy. Model-informed drug development can be used to assess prognostic and predictive clinical factors or biomark ...

Online platforms have banned ("deplatformed") influencers, communities, and even entire websites to reduce content deemed harmful. Deplatformed users often migrate to alternative platforms, which raises concerns about the effectiveness of deplatforming. He ...

Moving from association to causal analysis of neuroimaging data is crucial to advance our understanding of brain function. The arrow-of-time (AoT), that is, the known asymmetric nature of the passage of time, is the bedrock of causal structures shaping phy ...

Retinoblastoma is the most common pediatric eye cancer. It is currently treated with a limited number of drugs, adapted from other pediatric cancer treatments. Drug toxicity and relapse of the disease warrant new therapeutic strategies for these young pati ...

Many research questions concern treatment effects on outcomes that can recur several times in the same individual. For example, medical researchers are interested in treatment effects on hospitalizations in heart failure patients and sports injuries in ath ...

Many real‐life treatments are of limited supply and cannot be provided to all individuals in the population. For example, patients on the liver transplant waiting list usually cannot be assigned a liver transplant immediately at the time they reach highest ...

Amyloidosis refers to a range of medical conditions in which misshapen proteins accumulate in various organs and tissues, forming insoluble fibrils. Cardiac amyloidosis is frequently linked to the buildup of misfolded transthyretin (TTR) or immunoglobulin ...

Hemangioma, the predominant benign tumor occurring in infancy, exhibits a wide range of prognoses and associated outcomes. The accurate determination of prognosis through noninvasive imaging modalities holds essential importance in enabling effective perso ...

BackgroundInterstitial lung diseases (ILD), such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are severe, progressive pulmonary disorders with a poor prognosis. Prom ...

Functional and structural connectivity alterations in short- and long-range projections have been reported across neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). Interhemispheric callosal projection neurons (CPN) represent one of the major long-range projections in th ...

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent and highly malignant form of brain cancer. New therapeutic regimens are urgently needed as GBM patients present with a minimal response to currently-approved therapies. The goal of this project is to identify new the ...

Using Negative Control Populations to Assess Unmeasured Confounding and Direct Effects

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Efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation to the ipsilesional motor cortex in subacute stroke (NETS): a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

A First-in-Human Randomized Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Neutralization Profile of Two Investigational Long-Acting Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibodies

Modulation of Visually Induced Self-motion Illusions by α Transcranial Electric Stimulation over the Superior Parietal Cortex

Non-invasive neuromodulation of the right temporoparietal junction using theta-burst stimulation in functional neurological disorder

Non-invasive stimulation of the human striatum disrupts reinforcement learning of motor skills

The role of spatial epidemiology to support public health policies : case studies applied to health promotion, noncommunicable and infectious diseases in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland

Stability of influenza A virus in droplets and aerosols is heightened by the presence of commensal respiratory bacteria

Content Moderation in Online Platforms

Interventionist estimands in event history analysis

Modeling tumor size dynamics based on real-world electronic health records and image data in advanced melanoma patients receiving immunotherapy

Deplatforming did not decrease Parler users' activity on fringe social media

The arrow-of-time in neuroimaging time series identifies causal triggers of brain function

Translational screening platform to evaluate chemotherapy in combination with focal therapy for retinoblastoma

Causal inference with recurrent and competing events

Longitudinal incremental propensity score interventions for limited resource settings

Classification of patients with cardiac amyloidosis using machine learning models on Italian electronic clinical health records

Rapid low-cost hyperspectral imaging system for quantitative assessment of infantile hemangioma

Deep learning diagnostic and severity-stratification for interstitial lung diseases and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in digital lung auscultations and ultrasonography: clinical protocol for an observational case-control study

CDKL5 sculpts functional callosal connectivity to promote cognitive flexibility

Elucidating and modulating regulatory pathways so as to reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment for therapeutic benefit