The ultimate and proximate mechanisms driving the evolution of long tails in forest deer mice

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Background: Reproductive isolation can result from adaptive processes (e.g., ecological speciation and mutation-order speciation) or stochastic processes such as "system drift" model. Ecological speciation predicts barriers to gene flow between populations ...

The conservation and restoration of forest ecosystems require detailed knowledge of the native plant compositions. Here, we map global forest tree composition and assess the impacts of historical forest cover loss and climate change on trees. The global oc ...

The worsening of drought events with rising air temperature alters tree water relations causing severe hydraulic impairments and widespread forest mortality. Mixing tree species with contrasting hydraulic traits could reduce forest vulnerability to extreme ...

Realand imaginary -time quantum state evolutions are crucial in physics and chemistry for exploring quantum dynamics, preparing ground states, and computing thermodynamic observables. On near -term devices, variational quantum time evolution is a promising ...

We study the drainage of a viscous liquid film coating the outside of a solid horizontal cylinder, where gravity acts vertically. We focus on the limit of large Ohnesorge numbers Oh, where inertia is negligible compared to viscous effects. We first study t ...

Patterns in nature arise from processes interacting across a continuum of spatial scales, where new relationships emerge at each level of investigation. These patterns are nested features encompassing fine-scale local patterns, such as topography and geolo ...

Enhancing tree diversity may be important to fostering resilience to drought-related climate extremes. So far, little attention has been given to whether tree diversity can increase the survival of trees and reduce its variability in young forest plantatio ...

In sub-Mediterranean ecosystems, shade-tolerant broadleaf evergreens, especially the invasive Trachycarpus fortunei, are spreading uncontrollably in the forest understorey, impeding the regeneration of the native deciduous woody vegetation. Most invasive s ...

Owing to stochastic fluctuations arising from finite population size, known as genetic drift, the ability of a population to explore a rugged fitness landscape depends on its size. In the weak mutation regime, while the mean steady-state fitness increases ...

Long-term consumption of lipid-rich foods can contribute to common metabolic diseases and systemic low-grade inflammation. However, dietary responses and the development of non-communicable diseases are shaped by genetic factors and gene-by-environment int ...

An artificial floods program has been implemented on the Sarine residual flow reach, downstream of the Rossens dam. Two artificial floods were released in 2016 (coupled with sediment augmentation) and in 2020. A natural flood occurred in 2021. The indicato ...

This article explores how the logic underlying modal practices tends to modulate the population’s responsiveness to improvements in global transport supply. Based on a quantitative survey conducted in 2018–2019 among the working population of the cantons o ...

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most pressing health problems of our time and a major cause of preventable death. CHD results from complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Using multiplex serological testing for persistent ...

Mutations to gene regulatory networks can be maladaptive or a source of evolutionary novelty. Epistasis con-founds our understanding of how mutations affect the expression patterns of gene regulatory networks, a chal-lenge exacerbated by the dependence of ...

The resilience of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) to a high mutational pressure depends, in part, on negative purifying selection in the germline. A paradigm in the field has been that such selection, at least in part, takes place in primordial germ cells ...

The arms race between viruses and their hosts shaped the evolutionary history and the genome composition of both parties. Restriction factors are the first-line antiviral effectors encoded by the host genomes and are often conserved through evolution to pr ...

Introduction: We have reanalyzed the genomic data of the International Collaboration for the Genomics of HIV (ICGH), centering on HIV-1 Elite Controllers.Methods: We performed a genome-wide Association Study comparing 543 HIV Elite Controllers with 3,272 u ...

During fear learning, defensive behaviors like freezing need to be finely balanced in the presence or absence of threat-predicting cues (conditioned stimulus, CS). Nevertheless, the circuits underlying such balancing are largely unknown. Here, we investiga ...

The terminology of neurological disorders encompasses a range of serious illnesses (e.g., epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease) leading to morbidity, disability, and stigma. Epilepsy alone affects over 50 million people worldwide, and these figures are rising as ...

In late December 1973, the United States enacted what some would come to call “the pitbull of environmental laws.” In the 50 years since, the formidable regulatory teeth of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) have been credited with considerable successes, ob ...

The ultimate and proximate mechanisms driving the evolution of long tails in forest deer mice

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Reproductive isolation arises during laboratory adaptation to a novel hot environment

Regional uniqueness of tree species composition and response to forest loss and climate change

From roots to canopy: Unraveling the influence of species diversity on tree water relations under warmer and drier climates

Variational quantum time evolution without the quantum geometric tensor

Stability of a liquid layer draining around a horizontal cylinder: Interplay of capillary and gravity forces

At what spatial scale does natural selection operate? Using multiscale frameworks to calibrate the effects of environmental factors across landscape continuums

Tree diversity reduces variability in sapling survival under drought

Invasive palms have more efficient and prolonged CO2 assimilation compared to native sub-Mediterranean vegetation

Impact of population size on early adaptation in rugged fitness landscapes

Identifying genetic and dietary modulators of metabolic disorders using systems genetics

Effects of water releases and sediment supply on a residual flow reach

Analysing the potential for modal shiftbased on the logic of modal choice

Associations of genetic and infectious risk factors with coronary heart disease

Environment-dependent epistasis increases phenotypic diversity in gene regulatory networks

Reanalysis of mtDNA mutations of human primordial germ cells (PGCs) reveals NUMT contamination and suggests that selection in PGCs may be positive

PSGL-1 is an evolutionarily conserved antiviral restriction factor

The HLA-B*57:01 allele corresponds to a very large MHC haploblock likely explaining its massive effect for HIV-1 elite control

A striatal circuit balances learned fear in the presence and absence of sensory cues

Real-time Personalized Monitoring of Neurological Disorders on Wearable Systems

A landmark environmental law looks ahead