Mutation faux sens500px|aucun|droite En génétique, une mutation faux-sens ou substitution non synonyme est une mutation ponctuelle dans laquelle un nucléotide d'un codon est changé, induisant le changement de l'acide aminé associé. Ceci peut rendre la protéine traduite non fonctionnelle, si les propriétés du nouvel acide aminé sont différentes. Chez les humains, des mutations de ce type sont responsables de maladies telles que l'épidermolyse bulleuse et la drépanocytose.
Chosen-plaintext attackA chosen-plaintext attack (CPA) is an attack model for cryptanalysis which presumes that the attacker can obtain the ciphertexts for arbitrary plaintexts. The goal of the attack is to gain information that reduces the security of the encryption scheme. Modern ciphers aim to provide semantic security, also known as ciphertext indistinguishability under chosen-plaintext attack, and they are therefore, by design, generally immune to chosen-plaintext attacks if correctly implemented.
Scaled correlationIn statistics, scaled correlation is a form of a coefficient of correlation applicable to data that have a temporal component such as time series. It is the average short-term correlation. If the signals have multiple components (slow and fast), scaled coefficient of correlation can be computed only for the fast components of the signals, ignoring the contributions of the slow components. This filtering-like operation has the advantages of not having to make assumptions about the sinusoidal nature of the signals.
