Publications associées à Inferring the age and strength of mutations evolving under positive selection

Reproductive isolation arises during laboratory adaptation to a novel hot environment

Background: Reproductive isolation can result from adaptive processes (e.g., ecological speciation and mutation-order speciation) or stochastic processes such as "system drift" model. Ecological speciation predicts barriers to gene flow between populations ...

BMC2024

Euclid preparation XXXVII. Galaxy colour selections with Euclid and ground photometry for cluster weak-lensing analyses

Matthias Wiesmann, Georges Meylan, Frédéric Courbin, Fabio Finelli, Richard Massey, Maurizio Martinelli, Gianluca Castignani, Marcello Farina, Yi Wang

Aims. We derived galaxy colour selections from Euclid and ground-based photometry, aiming to accurately define background galaxy samples in cluster weak-lensing analyses. These selections have been implemented in the Euclid data analysis pipelines for gala ...

Edp Sciences S A2024

At what spatial scale does natural selection operate? Using multiscale frameworks to calibrate the effects of environmental factors across landscape continuums

Annie Sandrine Guillaume

Patterns in nature arise from processes interacting across a continuum of spatial scales, where new relationships emerge at each level of investigation. These patterns are nested features encompassing fine-scale local patterns, such as topography and geolo ...

EPFL2024

Fine Arts in Transition: An Operative Research and Teaching Approach between Analogue and Digital

Nicola Braghieri, Filippo Fanciotti

The volume collects the material produced for the exhibition 'The Sky in the Room' and a selection of scientific texts on the question of analogue continuity in digital transition. The contributions will be focused on verifying the operative method in teac ...

EPFL Press2024

Variant-specific pathophysiological mechanisms of AFF3 differently influence transcriptome profiles

Christian Iseli, Nicolas Jean Philippe Guex, Giovanna Ambrosini

Background: We previously described the KINSSHIP syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder associated with intellectual disability (ID), mesomelic dysplasia and horseshoe kidney,caused by de novo variants in the degron of AFF3. Mouse knock-ins and overexpre ...

BMC2024

Virucidal compounds and use thereof

Francesco Stellacci, Bruno Emanuel Ferreira De Sousa Correia, Pablo Gainza Cirauqui, Corey Alfred Stevens, Lukasz Richter, Francesca Olgiati, Chiara Medaglia

Disclosed herein are peptide-grafted compounds that irreversibly deactivate bacteriophages or influenza virus depending on the peptide and remain safe for bacteria and mammalian cells. The active compounds comprise a core (cyclodextrin or gold nanoparticle ...

2024

The role of LRRK2 in lung adenocarcinoma

Aspasia Gkasti

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and the most common lung cancer subtype is lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Frequently mutated genes involve activating mutations in KRAS and loss of function mutations in TP53. LUADs primarily ...

EPFL2024

Peptide-based virucidal drugs

Francesca Olgiati

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, viruses were not a major priority for the scientific community. Today, many events have changed the world and the importance of studying viruses, vaccines, and antiviral drugs is fully appreciated. The development of effective ...

EPFL2024

Inactivation of influenza A virus in expiratory droplets and aerosol particles and the associated physicochemical drivers

Aline Laetitia Schaub

Influenza is an infectious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. Every year, it causes up to one billion cases of disease worldwide. Despite its high disease burden, the transmission pathway of influenza remains subject to debate. There is incre ...

EPFL2024

Frequent asymmetric migrations suppress natural selection in spatially structured populations

Anne-Florence Raphaëlle Bitbol, Alia Abbara

Natural microbial populations often have complex spatial structures. This can impact their evolution, in particular the ability of mutants to take over. While mutant fixation probabilities are known to be unaffected by sufficiently symmetric structures, ev ...

Oxford Univ Press2023

Reanalysis of mtDNA mutations of human primordial germ cells (PGCs) reveals NUMT contamination and suggests that selection in PGCs may be positive

Konstantin Popadin

The resilience of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) to a high mutational pressure depends, in part, on negative purifying selection in the germline. A paradigm in the field has been that such selection, at least in part, takes place in primordial germ cells ...

Elsevier Sci Ltd2023

Impact of population size on early adaptation in rugged fitness landscapes

Anne-Florence Raphaëlle Bitbol, Richard Marie Servajean

Owing to stochastic fluctuations arising from finite population size, known as genetic drift, the ability of a population to explore a rugged fitness landscape depends on its size. In the weak mutation regime, while the mean steady-state fitness increases ...

ROYAL SOC2023

Environment-dependent epistasis increases phenotypic diversity in gene regulatory networks

Florence Gauye, Florian Baier

Mutations to gene regulatory networks can be maladaptive or a source of evolutionary novelty. Epistasis con-founds our understanding of how mutations affect the expression patterns of gene regulatory networks, a chal-lenge exacerbated by the dependence of ...

AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE2023

Homogeneous Environmental Selection Structures the Bacterial Communities of Benthic Biofilms in Proglacial Floodplain Streams

Leïla Ezzat, Tom Ian Battin, Hannes Markus Peter, Jade Brandani, Tyler Joe Kohler, Stylianos Fodelianakis, Massimo Bourquin, Susheel Bhanu Busi, Grégoire Marie Octave Edouard Michoud

Streams draining proglacial floodplains harbor benthic biofilms comprised of diverse microbial communities. These high-mountain ecosystems are rapidly changing with climate warming, and it is therefore critical to better understand the mechanisms underlyin ...

AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY2023

PSGL-1 is an evolutionarily conserved antiviral restriction factor

Chao Jiang, Ying Liu

The arms race between viruses and their hosts shaped the evolutionary history and the genome composition of both parties. Restriction factors are the first-line antiviral effectors encoded by the host genomes and are often conserved through evolution to pr ...

AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY2023

Individual and combined benefits of different nonequilibrium proofreading mechanisms

Paolo De Los Rios, Adélaïde Alice Mohr, Stefano Zamuner, Daniel Maria Busiello

Genome duplication, transcription, and translation are among many crucial cellular processes that need to be performed with high fidelity. However, those extremely low error rates cannot be explained with simple equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. Th ...

Amer Physical Soc2023

Identifying genetic and dietary modulators of metabolic disorders using systems genetics

Xiaoxu Li

Long-term consumption of lipid-rich foods can contribute to common metabolic diseases and systemic low-grade inflammation. However, dietary responses and the development of non-communicable diseases are shaped by genetic factors and gene-by-environment int ...

EPFL2023

Optimization of elastic wave propagation in a reconfigurable medium by genetic algorithms with adaptive mutation probability

Romain Christophe Rémy Fleury, Janez Rus

We introduce a reconfigurable medium for the manipulation of elastic propagation properties of Lamb waves. It is based on a shape memory polymer (SMP) with temperature-dependent Young's modulus. Waves are excited by a laser pulse and detected by a laser vi ...

IOP Publishing Ltd2023

Antiviral Mechanism of Virucidal Sialic Acid Modified Cyclodextrin

Francesco Stellacci, Paulo Henrique Jacob Silva, Marine Batista, Yong Zhu, Andrey Sysoev

We have reported that CD-6'SLN [6-sialyllactosamine (6'SLN)-modified beta-cyclodextrin (CD)] can be a potential anti-influenza drug because it irreversibly deactivates virions. Indeed, in vivo, CD-6'SLN improved mice survival in an H1N1 infection model eve ...

MDPI2023

Multivalent Virucidal Antivirals: Synthesis, Mechanisms of Action, and Immune-stimulating Effects

Yong Zhu

Viruses initiate invasion by binding to cell surface glycoproteins. Materials mimicking the carbohydrate motifs of these glycoproteins, such as heparan sulfate (HS) and sialic acid (SA) can block viral attachment and inhibit the infection. Multivalent disp ...

EPFL2023