Three-dimensional integrated circuitA three-dimensional integrated circuit (3D IC) is a MOS (metal-oxide semiconductor) integrated circuit (IC) manufactured by stacking as many as 16 or more ICs and interconnecting them vertically using, for instance, through-silicon vias (TSVs) or Cu-Cu connections, so that they behave as a single device to achieve performance improvements at reduced power and smaller footprint than conventional two dimensional processes. The 3D IC is one of several 3D integration schemes that exploit the z-direction to achieve electrical performance benefits in microelectronics and nanoelectronics.
Quantum dot solar cellA quantum dot solar cell (QDSC) is a solar cell design that uses quantum dots as the captivating photovoltaic material. It attempts to replace bulk materials such as silicon, copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) or cadmium telluride (CdTe). Quantum dots have bandgaps that are adjustable across a wide range of energy levels by changing their size. In bulk materials, the bandgap is fixed by the choice of material(s).
Hybrid integrated circuitA hybrid integrated circuit (HIC), hybrid microcircuit, hybrid circuit or simply hybrid is a miniaturized electronic circuit constructed of individual devices, such as semiconductor devices (e.g. transistors, diodes or monolithic ICs) and passive components (e.g. resistors, inductors, transformers, and capacitors), bonded to a substrate or printed circuit board (PCB). A PCB having components on a Printed Wiring Board (PWB) is not considered a true hybrid circuit according to the definition of MIL-PRF-38534.
Température corporelle humainevignette|La température corporelle est principalement ressentie au niveau de la tête. La température corporelle humaine est maintenue constante, l’être humain étant un organisme homéotherme. On considère généralement que la température basale usuelle du corps humain est de , cependant cette valeur dépend de l'endroit du corps où est faite la mesure, de l'instrument de mesure, de l'heure de la journée et du niveau d'activité de la personne. Une température corporelle normale se situe ainsi entre et .
Réseau de distribution électriqueUn réseau de distribution électrique est la partie d'un réseau électrique desservant les consommateurs. Un réseau de distribution achemine l'énergie électrique d'un réseau de transport (Haute tension B) ou un réseau de répartition (Haute tension A) aux transformateurs aériens desservant les clients. La tension électrique des réseaux de distribution se situe normalement entre . Ils comprennent des postes électriques de transformation, des lignes aériennes et un réseau de conducteurs les reliant aux transformateurs de secteur.
Multi-chip moduleA multi-chip module (MCM) is generically an electronic assembly (such as a package with a number of conductor terminals or "pins") where multiple integrated circuits (ICs or "chips"), semiconductor dies and/or other discrete components are integrated, usually onto a unifying substrate, so that in use it can be treated as if it were a larger IC. Other terms for MCM packaging include "heterogeneous integration" or "hybrid integrated circuit".
