Suivi de la pollution des eaux due à l'élevage de crevettes dans le Sud du Vietnam : cas des antibiotiques et des pesticides

Shrimp farming is an activity gaining popularity in the South of Vietnam. An important number of chemicals are used to control weed in the ponds, treat the water, get rid of fry and treat the shrimp against diseases. Polar Organic Compound Integrative Samplers (POCIS) have been calibrated to the environmental conditions of shrimp ponds on a two weeks sampling period to allow the quantification of some compounds. Calibration sampling rates for three compounds (trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, atrazine) have been calculated, ranging from 0.16 to 0.77 L d-1. Five sampling campaigns of a duration of two weeks each have been conducted in two different shrimp farms in order to quantify the concentrations of five antibiotics and one pesticide. Samples have been analyzed using an LC-MS/MS. The monitoring of these farms shows the use of sulfamethoxazole and the probable use of trimethoprim in the first farm, at concentrations below 1 μg/L, and the use of sulfamethoxazole ciprofloxacine and trimethoprim in the second one, at concentrations in the order of magnitude of 1 μg/L. The concentration of some antibiotics in the canals next to the shrimp farms could lead to the development of antibiotic resistance.