Shedding of neurexin 3 beta ectodomain by ADAM10 releases a soluble fragment that affects the development of newborn neurons

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Background and hypothesis: Redox dysregulation has been proposed as a convergent point of childhood trauma and the emergence of psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia (SCZ). A critical region particularly vulnerable to environmental insults during ad ...

For decades, the mammalian hippocampus has been the focus of cellular, anatomical, behavioral, and computational studies aimed at understanding the fundamental mechanisms underlying cognition. Long recognized as the brain's seat for learning and memory, a ...

Synaptic plasticity underlies our ability to learn and adapt to the constantly changing environment. The phenomenon of synapses changing their efficacy in an activity-dependent manner is often studied in small groups of neurons in vitro or indirectly throu ...

Synaptic plasticity underlies the brain’s ability to learn and adapt. While experiments in brain slices have revealed mechanisms and protocols for the induction of plasticity between pairs of neurons, how these synaptic changes are coordinated in biologica ...

Information derived from experiences is incorporated into the brain as changes to ensembles of cells, termed engram cells, which allow memory storage and recall. The mechanism by which those changes hold specific information is unclear. Here, we test the h ...

In adult dentate gyrus neurogenesis, the link between maturation of newborn neurons and their function, such as behavioral pattern separation, has remained puzzling. By analyzing a theoretical model, we show that the switch from excitation to inhibition of ...

Homeostatic plasticity of intrinsic excitability goes hand in hand with homeostatic plasticity of synaptic transmission. However, the mechanisms linking the two forms of homeostatic regulation have not been identified so far. Using electrophysiological, im ...

The anatomy and physiology of monosynaptic connections in rodent hippocampal CA1 have been extensively studied in recent decades. Yet, the resulting knowledge remains disparate and difficult to reconcile. Here, we present a data-driven approach to integrat ...

PURPOSE. The avian eye is an established model for exploring mechanisms that coordinate morphogenesis and metabolism during embryonic development. Less is known, however, about trafficking of bioenergetic and metabolic signaling molecules that are involved ...

For a few decades, adult dentate gyrus neurogenesis has been widely recognized by the neuroscience community as an intriguing phenomenon. Two observations are particularly puzzling. At the cellular level, the switch from excitation to inhibition of the GAB ...

Large excitatory synapses are found at specific points in the neuronal circuits of the auditory brainstem, to enable fast information transfer and the preservation of acoustic timing information. The extracellular cues and signaling mechanisms that lead to ...

Diabetes affects the morphology and plasticity of the hippocampus, and leads to learning and memory deficits. Caffeine has been proposed to prevent memory impairment upon multiple chronic disorders with neurological involvement. We tested whether long-term ...

Neuromodulators, such as acetylcholine (ACh), control information processing in neural microcircuits by regulating neuronal and synaptic physiology. Computational models and simulations enable predictions on the potential role of ACh in reconfiguring netwo ...

Neurogenesis continues in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) of the adult forebrain from quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs). V-SVZ NSCs are a reservoir for new olfactory bulb (OB) neurons that migrate through the rostral migratory stream (RMS). To ...

The connectivity of a neuronal network has a major effect on its functionality and role. It is generally believed that the complex network structure of the brain provides a physiological basis for information processing. Therefore, identifying the network’ ...

In vivo multi-target and selective concentration monitoring of neurotransmitters can help to unravel the brain chemical complex signaling interplay. This paper presents a dedicated integrated potentiostat transducer circuit and its selective electrode inte ...

Neurexins are key synaptic cell adhesion molecules involved in synapse specification and maturation. They couple synaptic activity and cell adhesion to regulate activity-dependent synapse development. Recently, neurexin processing by alpha- and gamma- secr ...

Synapses are key elements for communication within the complex network of neurons that make up our brain. Interestingly, synaptic connections can differ greatly in form and function, depending on the specific circuit into which they are embedded. In this P ...

Once generated, neurons are thought to permanently exit the cell cycle and become irreversibly differentiated. However, neither the precise point at which this post-mitotic state is attained nor the extent of its irreversibility is clearly defined. Here we ...

Early-life stress is a key risk factor for the development of neuropsychiatric disorders later in life. Neuronal cell adhesion molecules have been strongly implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders and in modulating social behaviors associ ...

Shedding of neurexin 3 beta ectodomain by ADAM10 releases a soluble fragment that affects the development of newborn neurons

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Adolescent Stress-Induced Ventral Hippocampus Redox Dysregulation Underlies Behavioral Deficits and Excitatory/Inhibitory Imbalance Related to Schizophrenia

Sharpening the blades of the dentate gyrus: how adult-born neurons differentially modulate diverse aspects of hippocampal learning and memory

Principles of Network Plasticity in Neocortical Microcircuits

Assemblies, synapse clustering and network topology interact with plasticity to explain structure-function relationships of the cortical connectome

Engram cell connectivity as a mechanism for information encoding and memory function

A functional model of adult dentate gyrus neurogenesis

Homeostatic regulation of axonal Kv1.1 channels accounts for both synaptic and intrinsic modifications in the hippocampal CA3 circuit

Data-driven integration of hippocampal CA1 synaptic physiology in silico

The Appearance of the Warburg Effect in the Developing Avian Eye Characterized In Ovo: How Neurogenesis Can Remodel Neuroenergetics

From adult dentate gyrus neurogenesis to pattern separation

Role of BMP Signaling for the Formation of Auditory Brainstem Nuclei and Large Auditory Relay Synapses

Impact of Caffeine Consumption on Type 2 Diabetes-Induced Spatial Memory Impairment and Neurochemical Alterations in the Hippocampus

Data-Driven Modeling of Cholinergic Modulation of Neural Microcircuits: Bridging Neurons, Synapses and Network Activity

Notch2 Signaling Maintains NSC Quiescence in the Murine Ventricular-Subventricular Zone

Learning Neural Connectivity from Firing Activity: Scalable Algorithms with Provable Guarantees

A CMOS Amperometric System for Multi-Neurotransmitter Detection

Proteolytic processing of the synaptic cell adhesion molecule neurexin-3beta and the neurobiological functions of the resulting cleavage products

Genetic dissection of the role of BMP signaling for the development of the auditory brainstem nuclei and the large calyx of Held synapse

Cortical neurons gradually attain a post-mitotic state

Hippocampal neuroligin-2 links early-life stress with impaired social recognition and increased aggression in adult mice