Survey of volatile oxylipins and their biosynthetic precursors in bryophytes

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Functional and Computational Genomics Reveal Unprecedented Flexibility in Stage-Specific Toxoplasma Metabolism

Vassily Hatzimanikatis, Anush Chiappino-Pepe, Damien Lionel Nicolas

To survive and proliferate in diverse host environments with varying nutrient availability, the obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii reprograms its metabolism. We have generated and curated a genome-scale metabolic model (iTgo) for the fast-re ...

CELL PRESS2020

The DEAD-box RNA helicase CshA is required for fatty acid homeostasis inStaphylococcus aureus

Bianca Marie Petrignani

Staphylococcus aureusis an opportunistic pathogen that can grow in a wide array of conditions: on abiotic surfaces, on the skin, in the nose, in planktonic or biofilm forms and can cause many type of infections. Consequently,S.aureusmust be able to adapt r ...

PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE2020

Hemagglutinin of Influenza A, but not of Influenza B and C viruses is acylated by ZDHHC2, 8, 15 and 20

Françoise Gisou van der Goot Grunberg, Laurence Gouzi Abrami

Hemagglutinin (HA), a glycoprotein of Influenza A viruses and its proton channel M2 are site-specifically modified with fatty acids. Whereas two cysteines in the short cytoplasmic tail of HA contain only palmitate, stearate is exclusively attached to one c ...

PORTLAND PRESS LTD2020

A heterogeneous microbial consortium producing short-chain fatty acids from lignocellulose

Jeremy Luterbacher

Microbial consortia are a promising alternative to monocultures of genetically modified microorganisms for complex biotransformations. We developed a versatile consortium-based strategy for the direct conversion of lignocellulose to short-chain fatty acids ...

American Association for the Advancement of Science2020

Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids as Coupling Partners in Carbon-Heteroatom Bond-Forming Reactions

Runze Mao

Carboxylic acids are one of the most suitable starting materials for synthesis. They are readily available and therefore inexpensive, stable and non-toxic. Many carboxylic acids can be obtained directly from natural resources, thus avoiding the extraction ...

EPFL2020

Detection of myocardial medium‐chain fatty acid oxidation and tricarboxylic acid cycle activity with hyperpolarized [1– 13 C]octanoate

Arnaud Comment, Josefina Adriana Maria Bastiaansen, Hikari Ananda Infinity Yoshihara

Under normal conditions, the heart mainly relies on fatty acid oxidation to meet its energy needs. Changes in myocardial fuel preference are noted in the diseased and failing heart. The magnetic resonance signal enhancement provided by spin hyperpolarizati ...

2020

CD36-mediated metabolic adaptation supports regulatory T cell survival and function in tumors

Etienne Meylan

Depleting regulatory T cells (T-reg cells) to counteract immunosuppressive features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is an attractive strategy for cancer treatment; however, autoimmunity due to systemic impairment of their suppressive function limits it ...

NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP2020

Cryo-EM, X-ray diffraction, and atomistic simulations reveal determinants for the formation of a supramolecular myelin-like proteolipid lattice

Henning Paul-Julius Stahlberg

Myelin protein P2 is a peripheral membrane protein of the fatty acid–binding protein family that functions in the formation and maintenance of the peripheral nerve myelin sheath. Several P2 gene mutations cause human Charcot–Marie–Tooth neuropathy, but the ...

2020

A Single Metabolite which Modulates Lipid Metabolism Alters Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Behavior and Promotes Lymphoid Reconstitution

Matthias Lütolf, Sonja Giger, Marlen Knobloch

Fatty acid beta-oxidation (FAO), the breakdown of lipids, is a metabolic pathway used by various stem cells. FAO levels are generally high during quiescence and downregulated with proliferation. The endogenous metabolite malonyl-CoA modulates lipid metabol ...

2020

Single particle cryo‐EM of the complex between interphotoreceptor retinoid‐binding protein and a monoclonal antibody

Henning Paul-Julius Stahlberg

Interphotoreceptor retinoid‐binding protein (IRBP) is a highly expressed protein secreted by rod and cone photoreceptors that has major roles in photoreceptor homeostasis as well as retinoid and polyunsaturated fatty acid transport between the neural retin ...

2020

Metabolic rescue of muscle and muscle stem cells in muscle disease

Peiling Luan

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by the mutation of dystrophin gene, is an X-linked disorder that affects 1 in 3500 males, leading to progressive muscle degeneration and eventually resulting in premature death. Increasing evidence indicates that D ...

EPFL2020

Functional kleptoplasts intermediate incorporation of carbon and nitrogen in cells of the Sacoglossa sea slug Elysia viridis

Anders Meibom, Stéphane Laurent Escrig, Charlotte Madeleine Nicole Lekieffre

Some sacoglossan sea slugs incorporate intracellular functional algal chloroplasts, a process termed kleptoplasty. "Stolen" chloroplasts (kleptoplasts) can remain photosynthetically active up to several months, contributing to animal nutrition. Whether thi ...

Nature Research2020