Entropy and optimality in river deltas

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Professionals in the building design and operation fields typically look at standards and guidelines as a reliable source of information and guidance with regard to procedural, contractual, and legal scope and requirements that are relevant to accountabili ...

Minimax-fair machine learning minimizes the error for the worst-off group. However, empirical evidence suggests that when sophisticated models are trained with standard empirical risk minimization (ERM), they often have the same performance on the worst-of ...

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In this study, we map different types of channel geomorphic units in a sediment-starved, residual-flow reach before and after an artificial flood. Bedload particles of a previous sediment augmentation measure are tracked with passive integrated transponder ...

Parliament dynamics might seem erratic at times. Predicting future voting patterns could support policy design based on the simulation of voting scenarios. The availability of open data on legislative activities and machine learning tools might enable such ...

Barocaloric (BC) materials provide cheaper and more energy efficient alternatives to traditional refrigerants. Some liquid alkanes were recently shown to exhibit a colossal BC effect, matching the entropy changes in commercial vapour-liquid refrigerants. D ...

Leaf-feeding insects trigger high-amplitude, defense-inducing electrical signals called slow wave potentials (SWPs). These signals are thought to be triggered by the long-distance transport of low molecular mass elicitors termed Ricca's factors. We sought ...

The NA62 experiment at CERN, designed to study the ultra-rare decay K+ -> pi(+) nu(nu) over bar, has also collected data in beam-dump mode. In this configuration, dark photons may be produced by protons dumped on an absorber and reach a decay volume beginn ...

Microbial life in glacier-fed streams (GFSs) is dominated by benthic biofilms which fulfill critical ecosystem processes. However, it remains unclear how the bacterial communities of these biofilms assemble in stream ecosystems characterized by rapid turno ...

Elastic interfaces display scale-invariant geometrical fluctuations at sufficiently large lengthscales. Their asymptotic static roughness then follows a power-law behavior, whose associated exponent provides a robust signature of the universality class to ...

Selective area epitaxy (SAE) provides the path for scalable fabrication of semiconductor nanostructures in a device-compatible configuration. In the current paradigm, SAE is understood as localized epitaxy, and is modelled by combining planar and self-asse ...

Intracortical brain-machine interfaces decode motor commands from neural signals and translate them into actions, enabling movement for paralysed individuals. The subjective sense of agency associated with actions generated via intracortical brain-machine ...

Motivated by the need for a better understanding of post-stroke recovery and new biomarkers to improve stroke patient stratification and outcomes, this thesis investigated structure-function coupling and its role in post-stroke recovery. Furthermore, in or ...

Automated fact-checking is a needed technology to curtail the spread of online misinformation. One current framework for such solutions proposes to verify claims by retrieving supporting or refuting evidence from related textual sources. However, the reali ...

Since the birth of Information Theory, researchers have defined and exploited various information measures, as well as endowed them with operational meanings. Some were born as a "solution to a problem", like Shannon's Entropy and Mutual Information. Other ...

This paper analyzes efficiency and profitability in the Swiss banking sector over the period 1997–2019. We find strong evidence for scale economies: for most banks in the sample, efficiency and profitability increase with bank size. Using an instrumental v ...

Multiple human pathogens establish chronic, sometimes life-long infections. Even if they are often latent, these infections can trigger some degree of local or systemic immune response, resulting in chronic low-grade inflammation. There remains an incomple ...

Motivated by the goal of designing interventions for softening polarized opinions on the Web, and building on results from psychology, we hypothesized that people would be moved more easily towards opposing opinions when the latter were voiced by a celebri ...

Exposure to daylight has much to offer and should be optimised to maximise its potential. In order to harvest its benefits, any visual discomfort from daylight should be anticipated and minimised. Hence, there is the need to predict discomfort from dayligh ...

Genotype imputation is a fundamental step in genomic data analysis, where missing variant genotypes are predicted using the existing genotypes of nearby "tag"variants. Although researchers can outsource genotype imputation, privacy concerns may prohibit ge ...

Entropy and optimality in river deltas

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Thermal Conditions in Indoor Environments: Exploring the Reasoning behind Standard-Based Recommendations

When do Minimax-fair Learning and Empirical Risk Minimization Coincide?

Learning Transformations To Reduce the Geometric Shift in Object Detection

Influence of channel geomorphic units on bedload transport and river morphology during low‐magnitude bed‐forming floods coupled with sediment augmentation

Predicting party switching through machine learning and open data

Pressure-freezing of dodecane: exploring the crystal structures, formation kinetics and phase diagrams for colossal barocaloric effects in n-alkanes

Ricca's factors as mobile proteinaceous effectors of electrical signaling

Search for dark photon decays to μ+μ- at NA62

Benthic Biofilms in Glacier-Fed Streams from Scandinavia to the Himalayas Host Distinct Bacterial Communities Compared with the Streamwater

Microscopic interplay of temperature and disorder of a one-dimensional elastic interface

Selective area epitaxy of GaAs: the unintuitive role of feature size and pitch

Sense of agency for intracortical brain-machine interfaces

Determining patterns of post-stroke motor recovery through longitudinal multimodal MRI: A step towards patient stratification

Synthetic Disinformation Attacks on Automated Fact Verification Systems

A Functional Perspective on Information Measures

Scale effects on efficiency and profitability in the Swiss banking sector

The combined impact of persistent infections and human genetic variation on C-reactive protein levels

Interventions for Softening Can Lead to Hardening of Opinions: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial

Is there a difference in how people from different socio-environmental contexts perceive discomfort due to glare from daylight?

Ultrafast homomorphic encryption models enable secure outsourcing of genotype imputation