Herein described is a two-component paint comprising a first component containing a first solvent and polymer particles comprising particle functional groups that are negatively or positively charged and a second component containing a second solvent and an agent with antimicrobial activity that has an agent functional group with a charge opposite to the charge of the particle functional groups. Further described is a method for the preparation of an antimicrobial surface by applying the first component as a base coat and the second component to the base-coated surface. Also described is the use of the two-component paint for preparing an antimicrobial surface. Further described is an antimicrobial surface comprising a base coat and an active coat.