Overprinting with tomographic volumetric additive manufacturing using Dr. TVAM

Tomographic volumetric additive manufacturing (TVAM) enables optical 3D polymerization by projecting computed 2D patterns into a rotating, single-photon-absorbing medium. We present Dr. TVAM, an open-source, ray-tracing, auto-differentiable simulation framework that for examples allows modeling refraction in square vials or scattering in biomaterials, and performs gradient-based pattern optimization. We further demonstrate printing over pre-existing, light-modulating components: fabricating complex, perfusable hydrogel microfluidic channels that connect light-occluding inlets in square vials, printing optical elements directly onto LEDs. These results showcase robust pattern design under realistic optical scenarios with existing structures and enable rapid, material-agnostic TVAM printing of functional structures.