Adult stem cellAdult stem cells are undifferentiated cells, found throughout the body after development, that multiply by cell division to replenish dying cells and regenerate damaged tissues. Also known as somatic stem cells (from Greek σωματικóς, meaning of the body), they can be found in juvenile, adult animals, and humans, unlike embryonic stem cells. Scientific interest in adult stem cells is centered around two main characteristics.
Megaloblastic anemiaMegaloblastic anemia is a type of macrocytic anemia. An anemia is a red blood cell defect that can lead to an undersupply of oxygen. Megaloblastic anemia results from inhibition of DNA synthesis during red blood cell production. When DNA synthesis is impaired, the cell cycle cannot progress from the G2 growth stage to the mitosis (M) stage. This leads to continuing cell growth without division, which presents as macrocytosis. Megaloblastic anemia has a rather slow onset, especially when compared to that of other anemias.
LeucopoïèseLa leucopoïèse (appelée parfois leucocytopoïèse), est la fabrication des leucocytes ou globules blancs. Les deux principales formes de leucopoïèse sont la lymphopoïèse (fabrication des lymphocytes) et la myélopoïèse (fabrication des globules rouges, de plaquettes sanguines, des monocytes et des granulocytes). La leucopoïèse fait partie de l'Hématopoïèse. Chaque type de leucocyte a des mécanismes et une durée de fabrication qui lui sont propres. La granulopoïèse, qui concerne les granulocytes ou polynucléaires, dure environ 10 jours.
