Encapsulated GDNF-producing C2C12 cells for Parkinson's disease: a pre-clinical study in chronic MPTP-treated baboons

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Aggression is an evolutionary conserved social behavior that is necessary for an animalÂŽs survival. The neural substrates coordinating aggression are known to exist in the amygdala and the hypothalamus. While the medial amygdala (MeA) and the ventrolatera ...

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Fast synaptic transmission relies upon the activation of ionotropic receptors by neurotransmitter release to evoke postsynaptic potentials. Glutamate and GABA play dominant roles in driving highly dynamic activity in synaptically connected neuronal circuit ...

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Methods for functional connectivity and morphometry in neonatal neuroimaging to study neurodevelopment

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Preterm birth is a major pediatric health problem that perturbs the genetically determined program of corticogenesis of the developing brain. As a consequence, prematurity has been strongly associated with adverse long-term neurodevelopmental outcome that ...

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Combining robotics with enhanced serotonin-driven cortical plasticity improves post-stroke motor recovery

Marco Mainardi, Silvestro Micera, Sara Conti, Maria Pasquini, Stefano Lai

Despite recent progresses in robotic rehabilitation technologies, their efficacy for post-stroke motor recovery is still limited. Such limitations might stem from the insufficient enhancement of plasticity mechanisms, crucial for functional recovery. Here, ...

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Impaired reach-to-grasp kinematics in parkinsonian patients relates to dopamine-dependent, subthalamic beta bursts

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Excessive beta-band oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus are key neural features of Parkinson's disease. Yet the distinctive contributions of beta low and high bands, their dependency on striatal dopamine, and their correlates with movement kinematics a ...

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Amplified engagement of prefrontal cortex during control of voluntary action in Tourette syndrome

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Tourette syndrome is characterized by 'unvoluntary' tics, which are compulsive, yet often temporarily suppressible. The inferior frontal gyms is implicated in motor control, including inhibition of pre-potent actions through influences on downstream subcor ...

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The glucocorticoid receptor in the nucleus accumbens plays a crucial role in social rank attainment in rodents

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Social hierarchy in social species is usually established through competitive encounters with conspecifics. It determines the access to limited resources and, thus, leads to reduced fights among individuals within a group. Despite the known importance of s ...

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Salvatore Novello

To investigate whether the reversible MAO-B inhibitor and sodium channel blocker safinamide impairs glutamate release under parkinsonian conditions in vivo, and this effect is dependent on MAO-B inhibition, safinamide (and rasagiline as a comparator) were ...

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD2020

Astrocytic release of ATP through type 2 inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate receptor calcium signaling and social dominance behavior in mice

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Brain mitochondrial function is critical for numerous neuronal processes. We recently identified a link between brain energy and social dominance, where higher levels of mitochondrial function resulted in increased social competitive ability. The underlyin ...

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Glutaredoxin 1 Downregulation in the Substantia Nigra Leads to Dopaminergic Degeneration in Mice

Bernard Schneider

Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a severe loss of the dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Perturbation of protein thiol redox homeostasis has been shown to play a role in the dysregulation of cell ...

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