Viral vector-mediated gene therapy for Parkinson's disease

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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia lack effective treatments. Anomalies in the reward system and cerebellum have been linked to these symptoms. The cerebellum modulates reward circuitry via the ventral tegmental area (VTA). The "cognitive dysmetria theory" ...

Multiple System Atrophy is characterized pathologically by the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (aSyn) into glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs). The mechanism underlying the formation of GCIs is not well understood. In this study, correlative light and elec ...

Reinforcement learning (RL) is crucial for learning to adapt to new environments. In RL, the prediction error is an important component that compares the expected and actual rewards. Dopamine plays a critical role in encoding these prediction errors. In my ...

Background aims: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of blindness in elderly patients within developed countries, affecting more than 190 million worldwide. In AMD, the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell layer progressively d ...

The G2019S mutation in leucine rich-repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a major cause of familial Parkinson's disease. We previously reported that G2019S knock-in mice manifest dopamine transporter dysfunction and phosphoSerine129 alpha-synuclein (pSer129 alpha-syn ...

Neurons are characterized by thin and long interleaving arborizations in which creating accurate mesh models of their cellular membranes is challenging. While union operators are central for CAD/CAM modeling and computer graphics applications, their applic ...

We are constantly bombarded by sensory information and constantly making decisions on how to act. In order to optimally adapt behavior, we must judge which sequences of sensory inputs and actions lead to successful outcomes in specific circumstances. Neuro ...

Individuals frequently differ in their behavioral and cognitive responses to stress. However, whether motivation is differently affected by acute stress in different individuals remains to be established. By exploiting natural variation in trait anxiety in ...

Dopamine synapses play a crucial role in volitional movement and reward-related behaviors, while dysfunction of dopamine synapses causes various psychiatric and neurological disorders. Despite this significance, the true biological nature of dopamine synap ...

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disease characterized by motor neuron loss and skeletal muscle atrophy. SMA is caused by the loss of the SMN1 gene and low SMN protein levels. Current SMA therapies work by increasing SM ...

The striatum integrates sensorimotor and motivational signals, likely playing a key role in reward-based learning of goal-directed behavior. However, cell type-specific mechanisms underlying reinforcement learning remain to be precisely determined. Here, w ...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative motor disorder, which results in death within a few years of diagnosis. While the cause of most cases of ALS is unknown, 10% of cases are familial (fALS), and associated with mutations in one of ov ...

Excessive beta-band oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus are key neural features of Parkinson's disease. Yet the distinctive contributions of beta low and high bands, their dependency on striatal dopamine, and their correlates with movement kinematics a ...

Purpose: Non-viral transfection approaches are extensively used in cancer therapy. The future of cancer therapy lies on targeted and efficient drug/gene delivery. The aim of this study was to determine the transfection yields of two commercially available ...

Background: There is increasing evidence that Parkinson's disease (PD) might start in the gut, thus involving and compromising also the enteric nervous system (ENS). At the clinical onset of the disease the majority of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain ...

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a brain hub regulating motivated behaviors, including social competitiveness. Mitochondrial function in the NAc links anxiety with social competitiveness, and the mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) in NAc neurons ...

Aggression is an evolutionary conserved social behavior that is necessary for an animalÂŽs survival. The neural substrates coordinating aggression are known to exist in the amygdala and the hypothalamus. While the medial amygdala (MeA) and the ventrolatera ...

Fast synaptic transmission relies upon the activation of ionotropic receptors by neurotransmitter release to evoke postsynaptic potentials. Glutamate and GABA play dominant roles in driving highly dynamic activity in synaptically connected neuronal circuit ...

The electrochemical quantification of analytes in droplets of PBS separated by a fluorinated phase was investigated. PDMS-fused silica chips with pyrolysed photoresist electrodes were prepared using a simple fabrication technique and used to analyze drople ...

Alteration to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis is observed in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases associated with abnormal protein aggregation. Activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) enables an adaptive reaction to recover ER proteost ...

Viral vector-mediated gene therapy for Parkinson's disease

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A Longitudinal and Reproducible Anti-coactivation Pattern Between the Cerebellum and the Ventral Tegmental Area Relates to Apathy in Schizophrenia

Distinct ultrastructural phenotypes of glial and neuronal alpha-synuclein inclusions in multiple system atrophy

Unveiling the complexity of learning and decision-making

Clinically compliant cryopreservation of differentiated retinal pigment epithelial cells

Dopamine Transporter, PhosphoSerine129 alpha-Synuclein and alpha-Synuclein Levels in Aged LRRK2 G2019S Knock-In and Knock-Out Mice

Meshing of Spiny Neuronal Morphologies using Union Operators

Striatal Dopamine Signals and Reward Learning

Opposite effects of stress on effortful motivation in high and low anxiety are mediated by CRHR1 in the VTA

GABAergic-like dopamine synapses in the brain

Long term peripheral AAV9-SMN gene therapy promotes survival in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy

Cell Type-Specific Membrane Potential Changes in Dorsolateral Striatum Accompanying Reward-Based Sensorimotor Learning

The role of the NF-kappaB pathway in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathogenesis

Impaired reach-to-grasp kinematics in parkinsonian patients relates to dopamine-dependent, subthalamic beta bursts

Comparative Evaluation of Lipofectamine and Dendrimer for Transfection of Short RNA Into Human T47D and MCF-10A Cell Lines

Parkinson mice show functional and molecular changes in the gut long before motoric disease onset

Mitofusin-2 in nucleus accumbens D2-MSNs regulates social dominance and neuronal function

The role of medial amygdala inhibitory neurons in regulating social behavior

Cell-type-specific nicotinic input disinhibits mouse barrel cortex during active sensing

In-flow electrochemical detection of chemicals in droplets with pyrolysed photoresist electrodes: application as a module for quantification of microsampled dopamine

Enforced dimerization between XBP1s and ATF6f enhances the protective effects of the UPR in models of neurodegeneration