Molecular basis of telomere syndrome caused by CTC1 mutations

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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and the most common lung cancer subtype is lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Frequently mutated genes involve activating mutations in KRAS and loss of function mutations in TP53. LUADs primarily ...

DNA damage signaling following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) involves numerous regulating proteins, which dynamically recognize ('read') and alter ('write' or 'erase') histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). Among these PTMs, the ubiquitin syste ...

How chronic mutational processes and punctuated bursts of DNA damage drive evolution of the cancer genome is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate a strategy to disentangle and quantify distinct mechanisms underlying genome evolution in single cells, dur ...

Bacteria are ubiquitous single cellular organisms. Compared to eukaryotic cells, bacteria have two unique characteristics: the membrane-less nucleoid and the cell wall built of peptidoglycan (PG). In most bacteria, a single circular chromosome is compacted ...

Telomeres are the nucleoprotein structures found at the ends of linear chromosomes. They ensure that the termini of chromosomes are not inappropriately recognized as sites of DNA damage, and are therefore crucial for genome stability. In spite of the heter ...

Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures at the ends of linear chromosomes, being essential for the maintenance of genomic integrity. Telomeres have a unique structure which distinguishes chromosome termini from DNA damage sites. Shelterin complexes are the ...

Telomeres are the nucleoprotein structures at the ends of linear chromosomes. Telomeres are transcribed into long non-coding Telomeric Repeat-Containing RNA (TERRA), whose functions rely on its ability to associate with telomeric chromatin. The conserved T ...

BRCA2 and RAD51 are two proteins that play a central role in homologous recombination (HR) and DNA double strand break (DSB) repair. BRCA2 assists RAD51 fibrillation and defibrillation through binding with its eight BRC repeats, with BRC4 being one of the ...

Background: Cancer genome sequencing enables accurate classification of tumours and tumour subtypes. However, prediction performance is still limited using exome-only sequencing and for tumour types with low somatic mutation burden such as many paediatri ...

Though the effect of the recently identified mitochondrial NAD(+) transporter SLC25A51 on glucose metabolism has been described, its contribution to other NAD(+)-dependent processes throughout the cell such as ADP-ribosylation remains elusive. Here, we rep ...

Mice from different genetic backgrounds have widely diverse responses to the same metabolic challenges. Only PWK/PhJ mice show significant mitochondrial dysfunction and progression to fibrotic NASH that resembles human NASH. The PWK/PhJ strain is a novel N ...

Difficulties to replicate telomeres - the ends of our chromosomes - can cause telomere shortening and genome instability. These difficulties are due to the repetitive DNA sequence and distinct structures at telomeres that challenge the semi-conservative DN ...

The sequence-dependent statistical mechanics of double-stranded nucleic acid, or dsNA, is believed to be essential in its biological functions. In turn, the equilibrium statistical mechanics behaviour of dsNA depends strongly both on sequence-dependent per ...

Although telomeres are essential for chromosome stability, they represent fragile structures in our genome. Telomere shortening occurs during aging in cells lacking telomerase due to the end replication problem. In addition, recent work uncovered that the ...

Mutations to gene regulatory networks can be maladaptive or a source of evolutionary novelty. Epistasis con-founds our understanding of how mutations affect the expression patterns of gene regulatory networks, a chal-lenge exacerbated by the dependence of ...

Type I CRISPR-Cas systems typically rely on a two-step process to degrade DNA. First, an RNA-guided complex named Cascade identifies the complementary DNA target. The helicase-nuclease fusion enzyme Cas3 is then recruited in trans for processive DNA degrad ...

The A-to-G point mutation at position 3243 in the human mitochondrial genome (m.3243A > G) is the most common pathogenic mtDNA variant responsible for disease in humans. It is widely accepted that m.3243A > G levels decrease in blood with age, and an age c ...

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kits have been used as common diagnosing tools during the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, with daily worldwide usage in the millions. It is well known that at the beginn ...

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is an essential technology for DNA identification in genomic research. DNA fragmentation is a critical step for NGS and doing this on-chip is of great interest for future integrated genomic solutions. Here we demonstrate fa ...

nvestigation of potential hosts of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is crucial to understanding future risks of spillover and spillback. SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to be transmitted from humans to various animals after req ...

Molecular basis of telomere syndrome caused by CTC1 mutations

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The role of LRRK2 in lung adenocarcinoma

A chemical biology approach to decipher chromatin ubiquitylation by RNF168

Single-mitosis dissection of acute and chronic DNA mutagenesis and repair

Resolving bacterial cell biology: from replisome dynamics to cell wall synthesis

Regulation and impact of TERRA R-loops at human telomeres

Telomere protection against oxidative stress

The THO complex counteracts TERRA R-loop-mediated telomere fragility in telomerase(+) cells and telomeric recombination in ALT(+) cells

Preomic profile of BxPC-3 cells after treatment with BRC4

Mutation-Attention (MuAt): deep representation learning of somatic mutations for tumour typing and subtyping

Absence of mitochondrial SLC25A51 enhances PARP1-dependent DNA repair by increasing nuclear NAD(+) levels

The genetic background shapes the susceptibility to mitochondrial dysfunction and NASH progression

Identification and characterization of proteins that protect human telomeres from fragility

cgNA plus web : A Visual Interface to the cgNA plus Sequence-dependent Statistical Mechanics Model of Double-stranded Nucleic Acids

TFIIH moonlighting at telomeres

Environment-dependent epistasis increases phenotypic diversity in gene regulatory networks

Allosteric control of type I-A CRISPR-Cas3 complexes and establishment as effective nucleic acid detection and human genome editing tools

Dynamics of the most common pathogenic mtDNA variant m.3243A > G demonstrate frequency-dependency in blood and positive selection in the germline

Recycling of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Kits

Polydimethylsiloxane microstructure-induced acoustic streaming for enhanced ultrasonic DNA fragmentation on a microfluidic chip

Cryo-EM structures and binding of mouse and human ACE2 to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern indicate that mutations enabling immune escape could expand host range