Untangling the influence of Antarctic and Southern Ocean life on clouds

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Aerosols play a critical role in the Arctic's radiative balance, influencing solar radiation and cloud formation. Limited observations in the central Arctic leave gaps in understanding aerosol dynamics year-round, affecting model predictions of climate-rel ...

Aerosol-cloud interactions, particularly ice processes in mixed-phase clouds (MPCs), remain a key source of uncertainty in climate change assessments. This study introduces state-of-the-art laboratory-based parameterizations into a global chemistry-transpo ...

Isoprene is a key trace component of the atmosphere emitted by vegetation and other organisms. It is highly reactive and can impact atmospheric composition and climate by affecting the greenhouse gases ozone and methane and secondary organic aerosol format ...

Primary production in the Southern Ocean is strongly influenced by the availability of light and iron (Fe). To examine the response of two distinct natural Antarctic phytoplankton communities (diatom vs. flagellates) to increasing light and Fe availability ...

Glacier-fed streams are the cold, ultra-oligotrophic, and unstable streams that are fed by glacial meltwater. Despite these extreme conditions, they harbour a diverse and abundant microbial diversity that develops into biofilms, covering the boulders and s ...

The Arctic is sensitive to cloud radiative forcing. Due to the limited number of aerosols present throughout much of the year, cloud formation is susceptible to the presence of cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles (INPs). Primary biologic ...

Objectives The endosymbiosis with Symbiodiniaceae is key to the ecological success of reef-building corals. However, climate change is threatening to destabilize this symbiosis on a global scale. Most studies looking into the response of corals to heat str ...

In this study, data from 17 ground-based, continental Arctic observatories areused to evaluate the performance of the European Centre for Medium-RangeWeather Forecasts Reanalysis version 5 (ERA5) reanalysis model. Three aspectsare evaluated: (i) the overal ...

It is highly uncertain how the humidity flux between the snow surface and the atmosphere contributes to the surface mass balance (SMB) of the interior Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS). Due to sparse observations, evaluations of the simulated humidity flux are li ...

Snow plays a crucial role in processes regulating ecosystems, the climate, and human development. Mountain snowpack in particular has great relevance for downstream communities. Knowledge about the distribution and properties of the snowpack thus help in p ...

Increasing tree species diversity in Mediterranean forests could reduce drought-induced hydraulic impairments through improved microclimate and reduced competition for water. However, it remains unclear if and how species diversity modulates tree hydraulic ...

The Paris Agreement is the first-ever universally accepted and legally binding agreement on global climate change. It is a bridge between today's and climate-neutrality policies and strategies before the end of the century. Critical to this endeavor is ene ...

Since the advent of internet and mass communication, two public-key cryptographic algorithms have shared the monopoly of data encryption and authentication: Diffie-Hellman and RSA. However, in the last few years, progress made in quantum physics -- and mo ...

The Mountain snowpack stores months of winter precipitation at high elevations, supplying snowmelt to lowland areas in drier seasons for agriculture and human consumption worldwide. Accurate seasonal predictions of the snowpack are thus of great importance ...

One of the primary causes of non-uniform snowfall deposition on the ground in mountainous regions is the preferential deposition of snow, which results from the interaction of near-surface winds with topography and snow particles. However, producing high-r ...

The seasonal movement of the zero-degree isotherm across the Southern Ocean and Antarctic Peninsula drives major changes in the physical and biological processes around maritime Antarctica. These include spatial and temporal shifts in precipitation phase, ...

Polar oceans and sea ice cover 15% of the Earth’s ocean surface, and the environment is changing rapidly at both poles. Improving knowledge on the interactions between the atmospheric and oceanic realms in the polar regions, a Surface Ocean–Lower Atmospher ...

Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) initiate primary ice formation in Arctic mixed-phase clouds (MPCs), altering cloud radiative properties and modulating precipitation. For atmospheric INPs, the complexity of their spatiotemporal variations, heterogeneous sou ...

Stable water isotopes (SWIs) contain valuable information on the past climate and phase changes in the hydrologic cycle. Recently, vapor measurements in the polar regions have provided new insights into the effects of snow-related and atmospheric processes ...

The temperature of the Earth is one of the most important climate parameters. Proxy records of past climate changes, in particular temperature, represent a fundamental tool for exploring internal climate processes and natural climate forcings. Despite the ...

Untangling the influence of Antarctic and Southern Ocean life on clouds

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Observations of high-time-resolution and size-resolved aerosol chemical composition and microphysics in the central Arctic: implications for climate-relevant particle properties

Assessing the Global Contribution of Marine Aerosols, Terrestrial Bioaerosols, and Desert Dust to Ice-nucleating Particle Concentrations

Atmospheric isoprene measurements reveal larger-than-expected Southern Ocean emissions

Distinct responses of diatom- and flagellate-dominated Antarctic phytoplankton communities to altered iron and light supply

The microbial genomics of glacier-fed streams: adaptations to an extreme ecosystem

Characteristics and sources of fluorescent aerosols in the central Arctic Ocean

Gene expression of Pocillopora damicornis coral larvae in response to acidification and ocean warming

Comparison of selected surface level ERA5 variables against in‐situ observations in the continental Arctic

On the importance of the humidity flux for the surface mass balance in the accumulation zone of the Greenland Ice Sheet

Good enough: Intermediate complexity atmospheric models improve the representation of processes affecting seasonal snow

Mixing oak and pine trees in Mediterranean forests increases aboveground hydraulic dysfunctions

Between green hills and green bills: Unveiling the green shades of sustainability and burden shifting through multi-objective optimization in Swiss energy system planning

Secure and Efficient Cryptographic Algorithms in a Quantum World

A seasonal snowpack model forced with dynamically downscaled forcing data resolves hydrologically relevant accumulation patterns

Snowfall deposition in mountainous terrain: a statistical downscaling scheme from high-resolution model data on simulated topographies

Southward migration of the zero-degree isotherm latitude over the Southern Ocean and the Antarctic Peninsula: Cryospheric, biotic and societal implications

Polar oceans and sea ice in a changing climate

Physicochemical characterization and source apportionment of Arctic ice-nucleating particles observed in Ny-Alesund in autumn 2019

A Case Study on Drivers of the Isotopic Composition of Water Vapor at the Coast of East Antarctica

A 2000-year temperature reconstruction on the East Antarctic plateau from argon-nitrogen and water stable isotopes in the Aurora Basin North ice core