Towards Simulating Data-Driven Brain Models at the Point Neuron Level on Petascale Computers

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This thesis focuses on understanding and improving the reasoning capabilities of neural networks. It develops theoretical results and empirical analyses to uncover reasoning potential and limitations, leveraging these insights to guide the design of improv ...

Motivation Many machine learning (ML) models developed to classify phenotype from gene expression data provide interpretations for their decisions, with the aim of understanding biological processes. For many models, including neural networks, interpretati ...

Machine learning models (e.g., neural networks) achieve high accuracy in wind power forecasting, but they are usually regarded as black boxes that lack interpretability. To address this issue, the paper proposes a glass-box model that combines high accurac ...

Recent progress in computer vision has been driven by a simple yet transformative observation: the potential of 30-year-old neural networks can be unlocked by massively scaling their parameters and the amount of human-labeled training data. This breakthrou ...

The current machine learning paradigm relies on continuous representations and fixed neural network architectures to approximate environmental structures, leading to challenges with continual learning, internal structure design, and goal-directed behavior ...

Proteins are the molecular machines of life, driving essential biological processes such as enzymatic catalysis, cellular signaling, and immune responses. The ability to design entirely new proteins with desired structures and functions has immense implica ...

The evolution of airborne mapping witnesses the introduction of hybrid lidar-camera systems to enhance data collection, i.e. to obtain simultaneously high-density point-cloud and texture. Yet, the common adjustment of both optical data streams is a nontriv ...

Machine learning and artificial intelligence methods have achieved remarkable success, matching and even surpassing human capabilities in various complex tasks. However, many demonstrations have generally neglected a critical part of the intelligence that ...

Multi-Object Tracking (MOT) is a fundamental computer vision task that involves detecting objects of interest in video frames and associating detections of the same object across time to form trajectories. For association, appearance cues, extracted throug ...

Neural networks have shown to be a powerful tool to represent the ground state of quantum many-body systems, including fermionic systems. However, efficiently integrating lattice symmetries into neural representations remains a significant challenge. In th ...

When arranged in a crossbar configuration, resistive memory devices can be used to execute Matrix-Vector Multiplications (MVMs), the most dominant operation of many Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, in constant time complexity. Nonetheless, when performing ...

Implicit neural representations map a shape-specific latent code and a 3D coordinate to its corresponding signed distance (SDF) value. However, this approach only offers a single level of detail. Emulating low levels of detail can be achieved with shallow ...

Decentralized learning (DL) is an emerging approach that enables nodes to collaboratively train a machine learning model without sharing raw data. In many application domains, such as healthcare, this approach faces challenges due to the high level of hete ...

Semi-supervised semantic segmentation methods leverage unlabeled data by pseudo-labeling them. Thus the success of these methods hinges on the reliability of the pseudo-labels. Existing methods mostly choose high-confidence pixels in an effort to avoid err ...

Understanding the structure of real data is paramount in advancing modern deep-learning methodologies. Natural data such as images are believed to be composed of features organized in a hierarchical and combinatorial manner, which neural networks capture d ...

Data augmentation is vital in deep learning for enhancing model robustness by artificially expanding training datasets. However, advanced methods like CutMix blend images and assign labels based on pixel ratios, often introducing label noise by neglecting ...

Deep learning has shown remarkable potential for industrial applications, particularly in predictive maintenance and condition monitoring. A key challenge in this domain is prognostics, specifically predicting the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of assets - a ...

Federated learning (FL) is a machine learning approach where nodes collaboratively train a global model. As more nodes participate in a round of FL, the effectiveness of individual model updates by nodes also diminishes. In this study, we increase the effe ...

The mammalian brain develops through precisely orchestrated events that transform a simple neural tube into a complex structure. While single-cell RNA sequencing has revealed remarkable cellular heterogeneity, the lack of spatial context limits our underst ...

Although classically Rapid-Eye Movement (REM) sleep was thought to generate desynchronized activity similar to wakefulness, it was found that some brain regions could express Slow Wave activity (SWA), a pattern which was normally typical of slow-wave sleep ...

Towards Simulating Data-Driven Brain Models at the Point Neuron Level on Petascale Computers

Chattez avec Graph Search

Learning to Reason with Neural Networks: Principles and Methods

A comparative analysis of gene expression profiling by statistical and machine learning approaches

Explainable modeling for wind power forecasting: A Glass-Box model with high accuracy

Exploiting Representation Similarities in Self-Supervised Learning for Vision Tasks

Modelleyen: Continual Learning and Planning via Structured Modelling of Environment Dynamics

Computational design of complex protein folds and soluble analogs of membrane proteins

On the Perspectives of Image-to-Lidar Constraints in Dynamic Network Optimisation

Sequential Reasoning with Socially Caused Beliefs

Person Re-Identification and its Application to Multi-Object Tracking

Spectroscopy of two-dimensional interacting lattice electrons using symmetry-aware neural backflow transformations

LIONHEART: A Layer-based Mapping Framework for Heterogeneous Systems with Analog In-Memory Computing Tiles

A Latent Implicit 3D Shape Model for Multiple Levels of Detail

Fair Decentralized Learning

Weighting Pseudo-labels via High-Activation Feature Index Similarity and Object Detection for Semi-supervised Segmentation

A phase transition in diffusion models reveals the hierarchical nature of data

SaliencyMix plus : Noise-Minimized Image Mixing Method With Saliency Map in Data Augmentation

Overcoming Distribution Shifts and Imbalance Challenges in Representation Learning for Deep Regression Models

Harnessing Increased Client Participation with Cohort-Parallel Federated Learning

Fine-grained mapping of neural progenitors subtypes in the embryonic brain unveils context-dependent roles of signalling on cell fate decisions

Experimental and computational analysis of REM sleep distributed cortical activity in mice