Optical resolutionOptical resolution describes the ability of an imaging system to resolve detail, in the object that is being imaged. An imaging system may have many individual components, including one or more lenses, and/or recording and display components. Each of these contributes (given suitable design, and adequate alignment) to the optical resolution of the system; the environment in which the imaging is done often is a further important factor. Resolution depends on the distance between two distinguishable radiating points.
Diffraction-limited systemIn optics, any optical instrument or system a microscope, telescope, or camera has a principal limit to its resolution due to the physics of diffraction. An optical instrument is said to be diffraction-limited if it has reached this limit of resolution performance. Other factors may affect an optical system's performance, such as lens imperfections or aberrations, but these are caused by errors in the manufacture or calculation of a lens, whereas the diffraction limit is the maximum resolution possible for a theoretically perfect, or ideal, optical system.
Imagerie spatialethumb|Première image de la Terre prise par un satellite en orbite. Elle montre une zone éclairée par le Soleil dans l'océan Pacifique et la couverture nuageuse. L'image a été faite alors que le satellite Explorer 6 se trouvait à environ d'altitude, le . thumb|La région des Grands lacs vus depuis l'ISS en 2013 par l'astronaute canadien Chris Hadfield. L'imagerie spatiale est une technique d'observation à distance qui repose sur la prise d'images dans le domaine optique (lumière visible, infrarouge et ultraviolet) depuis l'espace par des équipements installés à bord de satellites artificiels.
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