Physics and application of photon number resolving detectors based on superconducting parallel nanowires

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A robust capacitive multisensory readout system is presented in this article. The system consists of a few thousand lossy capacitive-based sensors that can be modeled as a parallel connection of sensor capacitor and undesirable leakage resistance. The real ...

BackgroundThe increasing use of complex and high dose-rate treatments in radiation therapy necessitates advanced detectors to provide accurate dosimetry. Rather than relying on pre-treatment quality assurance (QA) measurements alone, many countries are now ...

The interaction of light and matter enables nonlinear frequency conversion and the creation of coherent currents. The optical control of electric currents is of fundamental relevance and prominent research focus in the last decades. These photocurrents ena ...

Free-electron lasers and high-harmonic-generation table-top systems are new sources of extreme-ultraviolet to hard X-ray photons, providing ultrashort pulses that are intense, coherent and tunable. They are enabling a broad range of nonlinear optical and s ...

Thin film aluminum nitride (AlN) stands out as a promising material for integrated photonics due to its wide bandgap of 6.1 eV, facilitating efficient operation across diverse spectral ranges. Its inherent electro-optic and nonlinear optical properties mak ...

Roughness, defined as unevenness of material surfaces, plays an important role in determining how engineering components or natural objects interact with other bodies and their environment. The emergence of fractal roughness on natural and engineered surfa ...

We update the publicly available weak lensing shear measurement algorithm pyRRG for the JWST, and apply it to UNCOVER DR1 imaging of galaxy cluster Abell 2744. At short wavelengths (

Ultrafast optical-domain spectroscopies allow to monitor in real time the motion of nuclei in molecules. Achieving element-selectivity had to await the advent of time resolved X-ray spectroscopy, which is now commonly carried at X-ray free electron lasers. ...

Isolated attosecond pulses from an X-ray free-electron laser are in high demand for attosecond science, which enables the probing of electron dynamics by X-ray nonlinear spectroscopy and single-particle imaging. The aim of this thesis is to simulate attos ...

Recently developed microchannel plates (MCPs) based on amorphous silicon offer potential advantages with respect to glass based ones. In this context, secondary electron emission (SEE) at very low energies below 100 eV has been studied for relevant materia ...

We are used to defining network neutrality as absence of traffic differentiation, like policing or shaping. These mechanisms, however, are often not what determines end-users’ quality of experience (QoE). Most content today is accessed through edge caches, ...

An important advantage of optical signal processing is the possibility of performing various operations in parallel. Among the techniques proposed for parallel optical signal processing, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is a well-known approach, in wh ...

Quantum ghost imaging can be an important tool in making optical measurements. One of the most useful aspects of ghost imaging is the unique ability to correlate two sets of independently collected information. We aim to use the principles of ghost imaging ...

In this thesis, the development and testing of a system for measuring the axial distribution of fast neutron emission of spent nuclear fuel rods is presented. Emphasis is placed on the novel fast neutron detector used which can reliably work in extremely h ...

Quantum optics studies how photons interact with other forms of matter, the understanding of which was crucial for the development of quantum mechanics as a whole. Starting from the photoelectric effect, the quantum property of light has led to the develop ...

Photonics in the ultraviolet provides an avenue for key advances in biosensing, pharmaceutical research, and environmental sensing. However, despite recent progress in photonic integration, a technological solution to fabricate photonic integrated circuits ...

In this paper, we present the characteristics of current, electric fields and modeling approaches of lightning M-component mode of charge transfer. We consider both the classical M-components (occurring after return strokes) and M-component-type ICC (Initi ...

Defects in solids are unavoidable and can create complex electronic states that can significantly influence the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors. With the rapid progress in the integration of 2D semiconductors in practical devices, it is ...

The pyroresistive response of conductive polymer composites (CPCs) has attracted much interest because of its potential applications in many electronic devices requiring a significant responsiveness to changes in external physical parameters such as temper ...

Electrically connected and plasmonically enhanced molecular junctions combine the optical functionalities of high field confinement and enhancement (cavity function), and of high radiative efficiency (antenna function) with the electrical functionalities o ...

Physics and application of photon number resolving detectors based on superconducting parallel nanowires

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Robust Analog Multisensory Array System for Lossy Capacitive Sensors Over Long Distances

Characterization of a flexible a-Si:H detector for in vivo dosimetry in therapeutic x-ray beams

Photoinduced Second-Order Nonlinearities in Centrosymmetric Media

Progress and prospects in nonlinear extreme-ultraviolet and X-ray optics and spectroscopy

Ultraviolet to mid-infrared optical properties of sputtered Al(Sc)N-on-SiO2 thin films and experimental demonstration of AlN integrated photonic devices in the telecom C-band

How roughness emerges on natural and engineered surfaces

Weak gravitational lensing measurements of Abell 2744 using JWST and shear measurement algorithm pyRRG-JWST

Element- and enantiomer-selective visualization of molecular motion in real-time

Numerical Study of the Attosecond Free-Electron Laser Pulse Generation in the Soft X-ray Regime at the SwissFEL

A comprehensive analysis of electron emission from a-Si:H/Al2O3 at low energies

Caching and Neutrality

Topological MIMO Optical Signal Processing

Ghost imaging using two SPAD array detectors: a parameter study towards the realization of a 3D quantum microscope

Gamma-Blind Fast Neutron Detection for Spent Nuclear Fuel Characterization

Room-Temperature Quantum Optomechanics and Free-Electron Quantum Optics

Low-loss and high-index contrast ultraviolet-C free-standing waveguides made of thermal silicon oxide

A review of the modeling approaches of the lightning M-component with special attention to their current and electric field characteristics

Electrical spectroscopy of defect states and their hybridization in monolayer MoS2

Pyroresistive response of percolating conductive polymer composites

Light Emission and Conductance Fluctuations in Electrically Driven and Plasmonically Enhanced Molecular Junctions