Impact of the turbulence wavenumber spectrum and probing beam geometry on Doppler reflectometry perpendicular velocity measurements

The perpendicular propagation velocity of turbulent density fluctuations is an important parameter in fusion plasmas, since sheared plasma flows are crucial for reducing turbulence, and thus an essential input parameter for turbulent transport simulations. In the recent past various fusion devices have observed poloidal asymmetry in this velocity using Doppler reflectometry (DR) and correlation reflectometry. In this work, the phase screen model is used to analytically explain and quantify the combined effect of finite wavenumber resolution due to plasma curvature and probing beam geometry in a realistic turbulence wavenumber spectrum, leading to a reduced dominantly back-scattered wavenumber and a further underestimation of the perpendicular propagation velocity determined by DR. The full-wave code IPF-FD3D, which simulates microwave propagation and scattering, is used as a synthetic DR to study the effects of this diagnostic effect in a circular geometry using various isotropic synthetic turbulence wavenumber spectra. Angular scans from the midplane and variations in the position of the probing antenna are shown to estimate the impact of the diagnostic effect on the poloidal asymmetries.