Distinguishing analyte from noise components in mass spectra of complex samples: where to cut the noise?

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Given oracle access to a real-valued function on the n-dimensional Boolean cube, how many queries does it take to estimate the squared Euclidean distance to its closest linear function within ϵ? Our main result is that O(log3(1/ϵ) · 1/ϵ2) queries suffice. ...

One route to the control of quantum magnetism at ultrafast timescales is magnetophononics, the modulation of magnetic interactions by coherently driven lattice excitations. Theoretical studies of a gapped quantum magnet subject to continuous, single-freque ...

Non-invasive beam diagnostics are essential for operating modern high-intensity accelerators such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Among these diagnostics, Schottky monitors stand out for their ability to measure tune, chromaticity, momentum spread, and ...

We prove global in time well-posedness for perturbations of the 2D stochastic Navier-Stokes equations partial derivative( t)u + u center dot del u = Delta u - del p + sigma + xi, u(0, center dot ) = u(0),div (u) = 0, driven by additive space-time white noi ...

Traditionally, mass spectrometry (MS) output is the ion abundance plotted versus the ionic mass-to-charge ratio m/z. While employing only commercially available equipment, Charge Determination Analysis (CHARDA) adds a third dimension to MS, estimating for ...

There is a bias in the inference pipeline of most diffusion models. This bias arises from a signal leak whose distribution deviates from the noise distribution, creating a discrepancy between training and inference processes. We demonstrate that this signa ...

This work addresses the need for precise control of thin film sputtering processes to enable thin film material tailoring on the example of zinc tin nitride (ZTN) thin films deposited via microwave plasma-assisted high power reactive magnetron sputtering ( ...

Decentralized learning is appealing as it enables the scalable usage of large amounts of distributed data and resources (without resorting to any central entity), while promoting privacy since every user minimizes the direct exposure of their data. Yet, wi ...

The role of Bifidobacterium species and microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and human milk oligosaccharides in controlling intestinal inflammation and the pathogenesis of obesity and type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been largely studied ...

The Schottky monitors of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) can be used for non-invasive beam diagnostics to estimate various bunch characteristics, such as tune, chromaticity, bunch profile or synchrotron frequency distribution. However, collective effects, ...

Traditional analog front-ends for biomedical signal acquisitions operate at very low frequencies (Hz-range) and are severely affected by flicker and environmental noise, which degrade the quality of low-frequency signals, thereby reducing the signal-to-noi ...

Control of nanomaterial dimensions with atomic precision through synthetic methods is essential to understanding and engineering of nanomaterials. For single-layer inorganic materials, size and shape controls have been achieved by self-assembly and surface ...

The methanol-to-olefins (MTO) process on zeolite-based catalysts enables the production of olefins from green methanol. Selectivity control requires an understanding of the nature and evolution of hydrocarbon species that act as catalytically active center ...

In this paper, we study sampling from a posterior derived from a neural network. We propose a new probabilistic model consisting of adding noise at every pre- and post-activation in the network, arguing that the resulting posterior can be sampled using an ...

Applications demanding imaging at low-light conditions at near-infrared (NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) wavelengths, such as quantum information science, biophotonics, space imaging, and light detection and ranging (LiDAR), have accelerated the develo ...

The high isomeric complexity of glycans makes them particularly difficult to analyze. While ultra-high-resolution ion mobility spectrometry(IMS) can offer rapid baseline separation of many glycan isomers,their unambiguous identification remains a challengi ...

This paper proposes a novel method to improve georeferencing of airborne laser scanning by improved trajectory estimation using Vehicle Dynamic Model. In Vehicle Dynamic Model (VDM), the relationship between the dynamics of the platform and control inputs ...

Data for: "A Neural-Network-Based Convex Regularizer for Inverse Problems". The corresponding scripts can be accessed on GitHub (https://github.com/axgoujon/convex_ridge_regularizers). The data is organized as follows: - ct_data_sets.tar.gz: contains prepr ...

Glycans play an essential role in numerous physiological and pathological processes of living organisms. Despite their significant biological relevance, glycobiology remains one of the least explored fields of biochemistry. The intrinsic isomeric complexit ...

The structural elucidation of metabolite molecules is important in many branches of the life sciences. However, the isomeric and isobaric complexity of metabolites makes their identification extremely challenging, and analytical standards are often require ...

Distinguishing analyte from noise components in mass spectra of complex samples: where to cut the noise?

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Estimating Euclidean Distance to Linearity

Pulsed Magnetophononics in Gapped Quantum Magnets

Schottky Spectrum Modelling for High Intensity Bunched Particle Beams and Experimental Applications

Global existence for perturbations of the 2D stochastic Navier-Stokes equations with space-time white noise

Adding Color to Mass Spectra of Biopolymers: Charge Determination Analysis (CHARDA) Assigns Charge State to Every Ion Peak

Exploiting the Signal-Leak Bias in Diffusion Models

Nanostructure and Optical Property Tailoring of Zinc Tin Nitride Thin Films through Phenomenological Decoupling: A Pathway to Enhanced Control

The Privacy Power of Correlated Noise in Decentralized Learning

Innovative Biomarkers for Obesity and Type 1 Diabetes Based on Bifidobacterium and Metabolomic Profiling

Impact of beam-coupling impedance on the Schottky spectrum of bunched beam

New Sensory Method for Neural Activity by Frequency Upconversion With Nonlinear Element

Controlled Formation of Nanoribbons and Their Heterostructures via Assembly of Mass-Selected Inorganic Ions

Correlating the Nature of Carbenium Ions in Zeolites to the Product Distribution in the Methanol-to-Olefins Process

Gibbs sampling the posterior of neural networks

Silicon CMOS and InGaAs(P)/InP SPADs for NIR/SWIR detection

Using Hadamard Transform Multiplexed IR Spectroscopy Together with a Segmented Ion Trap for the Identification of Mobility-Selected Isomers

Model-based constraints for trajectory determination of quad-copters: Design, calibration & merits for direct orientation

Data for: "A Neural-Network-Based Convex Regularizer for Inverse Problems"

Combining ion mobility spectrometry and cryogenic ion spectroscopy with enzymatic digestion/synthesis for the study of N-linked glycans

New Approach for the Identification of Isobaric and Isomeric Metabolites