Microscopic traffic flow modelMicroscopic traffic flow models are a class of scientific models of vehicular traffic dynamics. In contrast, to macroscopic models, microscopic traffic flow models simulate single vehicle-driver units, so the dynamic variables of the models represent microscopic properties like the position and velocity of single vehicles. Also known as time-continuous models, all car-following models have in common that they are defined by ordinary differential equations describing the complete dynamics of the vehicles' positions and velocities .
Department of Defense Architecture FrameworkLe Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF) est un cadre d'architecture destiné au développement d'une architecture de systèmes ou d'une architecture d'entreprise (EA). Tous les achats majeurs d'armes et de systèmes d'information du département de la défense du gouvernement des États-Unis doivent développer une architecture d'entreprise et documenter cette architecture en utilisant l'ensemble de vues prescrites dans DoDAF.
Bayesian hierarchical modelingBayesian hierarchical modelling is a statistical model written in multiple levels (hierarchical form) that estimates the parameters of the posterior distribution using the Bayesian method. The sub-models combine to form the hierarchical model, and Bayes' theorem is used to integrate them with the observed data and account for all the uncertainty that is present. The result of this integration is the posterior distribution, also known as the updated probability estimate, as additional evidence on the prior distribution is acquired.
Conceptual modelA conceptual model is a representation of a system. It consists of concepts used to help people know, understand, or simulate a subject the model represents. In contrast, a physical model focuses on a physical object such as a toy model that may be assembled and made to work like the object it represents. The term may refer to models that are formed after a conceptualization or generalization process. Conceptual models are often abstractions of things in the real world, whether physical or social.
Analyse entrée-sortieL'analyse entrée-sortie, ou analyse entrées-sorties, est une modélisation économique utilisant le tableau entrées-sorties (TES) permettant de prévoir l'influence des changements dans un secteur d'activité particulier ou des changements de consommation sur le reste de l'économie. Il donne une représentation cohérente de la production nationale. Le tableau entrées-sorties a été conçu par le français François Quesnay au dans son Tableau économique (1759).
Agent-based social simulationAgent-based social simulation (or ABSS) consists of social simulations that are based on agent-based modeling, and implemented using artificial agent technologies. Agent-based social simulation is a scientific discipline concerned with simulation of social phenomena, using computer-based multiagent models. In these simulations, persons or group of persons are represented by agents. MABSS is a combination of social science, multiagent simulation and computer simulation.
Cadre ZachmanLe cadre Zachman est un cadre d'architecture d'entreprise qui permet d'une manière formelle et hautement structurée de définir le système d'information d'une entreprise. Il utilise un modèle de classification à deux dimensions basé sur : six interrogations de base : Quoi, Comment, Où, Qui, Quand, et Pourquoi (What, How, Where, Who, When, Why), qui croisent six types de modèles distincts qui se rapportent à des groupes de parties prenantes : Visionnaire, Propriétaire, Concepteur, Réalisateur, Sous-traitant et Exécutant (visionary, owner, designer, builder, implementer, worker) pour présenter une vue holistique de l'entreprise qui est modélisée.
