Maladie génétique du métabolisme des glucidesLes maladies génétiques du métabolisme des glucides comprennent les maladies en rapport avec une anomalie du métabolisme des glucides par défaut du fonctionnement enzymatique d'un des enzymes. Cette anomalie est secondaire à un défaut du gène codant l'enzyme impliqué : métabolisme du glycogène ou glycogénose. Comme le glycogène est le carburant musculaire, beaucoup de ces maladies se manifestent comme des maladies musculaires ou myopathies.
Neural facilitationNeural facilitation, also known as paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), is a phenomenon in neuroscience in which postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) (EPPs, EPSPs or IPSPs) evoked by an impulse are increased when that impulse closely follows a prior impulse. PPF is thus a form of short-term synaptic plasticity. The mechanisms underlying neural facilitation are exclusively pre-synaptic; broadly speaking, PPF arises due to increased presynaptic Ca2+ concentration leading to a greater release of neurotransmitter-containing synaptic vesicles.
Chemical synapseChemical synapses are biological junctions through which neurons' signals can be sent to each other and to non-neuronal cells such as those in muscles or glands. Chemical synapses allow neurons to form circuits within the central nervous system. They are crucial to the biological computations that underlie perception and thought. They allow the nervous system to connect to and control other systems of the body. At a chemical synapse, one neuron releases neurotransmitter molecules into a small space (the synaptic cleft) that is adjacent to another neuron.
