DyeA dye is a colored substance that chemically bonds to the substrate to which it is being applied. This distinguishes dyes from pigments which do not chemically bind to the material they color. Dye is generally applied in an aqueous solution and may require a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the fiber. The majority of natural dyes are derived from non-animal sources: roots, berries, bark, leaves, wood, fungi and lichens.
Requirements traceabilityRequirements traceability is a sub-discipline of requirements management within software development and systems engineering. Traceability as a general term is defined by the IEEE Systems and Software Engineering Vocabulary as (1) the degree to which a relationship can be established between two or more products of the development process, especially products having a predecessor-successor or primary-subordinate relationship to one another; (2) the identification and documentation of derivation paths (upward) and allocation or flowdown paths (downward) of work products in the work product hierarchy; (3) the degree to which each element in a software development product establishes its reason for existing; and (4) discernible association among two or more logical entities, such as requirements, system elements, verifications, or tasks.
Chimie organiqueLa chimie organique est le domaine de la chimie qui étudie les composés organiques, c'est-à-dire les composés du carbone (à l'exception de quelques composés simples qui par tradition relèvent de la chimie minérale). Ces composés peuvent être naturels ou synthétiques. Une caractéristique du carbone consiste en l’aptitude qu’ont ses atomes à s’enchaîner les uns aux autres, par des liaisons covalentes, d'une façon presque indéfinie, pour former des chaînes carbonées d’une grande diversité.
Synthetic colorantA colorant is any substance that changes the spectral transmittance or reflectance of a material. Synthetic colorants are those created in a laboratory or industrial setting. The production and improvement of colorants was a driver of the early synthetic chemical industry, in fact many of today's largest chemical producers started as dye-works in the late 19th or early 20th centuries, including Bayer AG(1863).
Colorant azoïquethumb|L'azobenzène est la plus petite molécule de la famille des colorants azoïques Les colorants azoïques sont des composés azoïques dans lesquels le groupe azo relie deux noyaux benzéniques. Les colorants azoïques insolubles sont utilisés en teinturerie pour la teinture des fibres cellulosiques sous toutes ses formes. Ces colorants sont « incomplets » dans leur fabrication et qui est achevée au sein de la fibre en fin de teinture. Ainsi le colorant se présente d'une part sous forme de β-naphtol insoluble et d'autre part sous forme d'une base à diazoter ou d'un sel prêt à l'emploi.
