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Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

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Publications associées (38)

Microscopic Origin of Nonlocal Rheology in Dense Granular Materials

Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

We study the microscopic origin of nonlocality in dense granular media. Discrete element simulations reveal that macroscopic shear results from a balance between microscopic elementary rearrangements occurring in opposite directions. The effective macrosco ...

AMER PHYSICAL SOC2020

The mechanical origin of snow avalanche dynamics and flow regime transitions

Betty Sovilla, Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume, Xingyue Li

Snow avalanches cause fatalities and economic damage. Key to their mitigation is the understanding of snow avalanche dynamics. This study investigates the dynamic behavior of snow avalanches, using the material point method (MPM) and an elastoplastic const ...

COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH2020

Editorial: About the Relevance of Snow Microstructure Study in Cryospheric Sciences

Pascal Hagenmuller, Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA2020

Cohesion-Induced Enhancement of Aeolian Saltation

Michael Lehning, Francesco Comola, Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

The wind-driven saltation of granular material plays a key role in various geophysical processes on Earth, Mars, Venus, and Titan. Although interparticle cohesion is known to limit the number of grains lifted from the surface through aerodynamic entrainmen ...

AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION2019

Investigating the release and flow of snow avalanches at the slope-scale using a unified model based on the material point method

Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume, Alec van Herwijnen

Snow slab avalanches start with a failure in a weak snow layer buried below a cohesive snow slab. After failure, the very porous character of the weak layer leads to its volumetric collapse and thus closing of crack faces due to the weight of the overlayin ...

2019

Numerical investigation of the mixed-mode failure of snow

Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume, Dominika Mulak

The failure of a weak snow layer underlying a cohesive slab is the primary step in the release process of a dry snow slab avalanche. The complex and heterogeneous microstructure of snow limits our understanding of failure initiation inside the weak layer, ...

2019

Avalanche pressures at the Vallée de la Sionne test site: interaction of avalanches and narrow strictures studied with DEM

Christophe Ancey, Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

2018

Dynamic anticrack propagation in snow

Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

Continuum numerical modeling of dynamic crack propagation has been a great challenge over the past decade. This is particularly the case for anticracks in porous materials, as reported in sedimentary rocks, deep earthquakes, landslides, and snow avalanches ...

Nature Research2018

Unified modeling of the release and flow of snow avalanches using MPM

Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

2018

Modeling the Propagation Saw Test with Discrete Elements

Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

2018

Stress Concentrations in Weak Snowpack Layers and Conditions for Slab Avalanche Release

Gérald Chambon, Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

Dry-snow slab avalanches release due to the formation of a crack in a weak layer buried below cohesive snow slabs, followed by rapid crack propagation. The onset of rapid crack propagation occurs if stresses at the crack tip in the weak layer overcome its ...

2018

A mechanically-based model of snow slab and weak layer fracture in the Propagation Saw Test

Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume, Lorenzo Benedetti

Dry-snow slab avalanche release is the result of failure initiation in a weak snowpack layer buried below a cohesive snow slab, which is then followed by rapid crack propagation. The Propagation Saw Test (PST) is a field experiment which allows to evaluate ...

2018

Les tests de stabilité à la loupe

Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume, Alec van Herwijnen

2017

Fragmentation of wind-blown snow crystals

Michael Lehning, Enrico Paterna, Francesco Comola, Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

Understanding the dynamics driving the transformation of snowfall crystals into blowing snow particles is critical to correctly account for the energy and mass balances in polar and alpine regions. Here we propose a fragmentation theory of fractal snow cry ...

2017

Snow fracture in relation to slab avalanche release: critical state for the onset of crack propagation

Jürg Schweizer, Nander Wever, Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume, Alec van Herwijnen

The failure of a weak snow layer buried below cohesive slab layers is a necessary, but insufficient, condition for the release of a dry-snow slab avalanche. The size of the crack in the weak layer must also exceed a critical length to propagate across a sl ...

Copernicus GmbH2017

Assessing snow instability in skier-triggered snow slab avalanches by combining failure initiation and crack propagation

Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

Dry-snow slab avalanches start with a local failure in a weak snowpack layer buried below cohesive snow slab layers. If the size of the failed zone exceeds a critical size, rapid crack propagation occurs possibly followed by slab release if the slope is st ...

2017

Scaling laws for the mechanics of loose and cohesive granular materials based on Baxter's sticky hard spheres

Henning Löwe, Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

We have conducted discrete element simulations (PFC3D) of very loose, cohesive, granular assemblies with initial configurations which are drawn from Baxter's sticky hard sphere (SHS) ensemble. The SHS model is employed as a promising auxiliary means to ind ...

2017

Granulation of snow: From tumbler experiments to discrete element simulations

Michael Lehning, Walter Steinkogler, Betty Sovilla, Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

It is well known that snow avalanches exhibit granulation phenomena, i.e., the formation of large and apparently stable snow granules during the flow. The size distribution of the granules has an influence on flow behavior which, in turn, affects runout di ...

2015

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