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Bruno Lemaitre

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Publications associées (125)

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Remote Control of Intestinal Stem Cell Activity by Haemocytes in Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre, Jean Philippe Boquete, Sveta Chakrabarti, Jan Paul Dudzic, Xiaoxue Li

The JAK/STAT pathway is a key signaling pathway in the regulation of development and immunity in metazoans. In contrast to the multiple combinatorial JAK/STAT pathways in mammals, only one canonical JAK/STAT pathway exists in Drosophila. It is activated by ...

Public Library of Science2016

Gut-associated microbes of Drosophila melanogaster

Bruno Lemaitre

There is growing interest in using Drosophila melanogaster to elucidate mechanisms that underlie the complex relationships between a host and its microbiota. In addition to the many genetic resources and tools Drosophila provides, its associated microbiota ...

2012

Iron sequestration by transferrin 1 mediates nutritional immunity in Drosophila melanogaster

Bruno Lemaitre, Jean Philippe Boquete, Alice Marra, Igor Iatsenko

Iron sequestration is a recognized innate immune mechanism against invading pathogens mediated by iron-binding proteins called transferrins. Despite many studies on antimicrobial activity of transferrins in vitro, their specific in vivo functions are poorl ...

National Academy of Sciences2020

Gut physiology mediates a trade-off between adaptation to malnutrition and susceptibility to food-borne pathogens

Bruno Lemaitre, Sveta Chakrabarti

The animal gut plays a central role in tackling two common ecological challenges, nutrient shortage and food-borne parasites, the former by efficient digestion and nutrient absorption, the latter by acting as an immune organ and a barrier. It remains unkno ...

Wiley-Blackwell2015

Invasive and indigenous microbiota impact intestinal stem cell activity through multiple pathways in Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre, Sveta Chakrabarti

Gut homeostasis is controlled by both immune and developmental mechanisms, and its disruption can lead to inflammatory disorders or cancerous lesions of the intestine. While the impact of bacteria on the mucosal immune system is beginning to be precisely u ...

2009

In Vitro Culture of the Insect Endosymbiont Spiroplasma poulsonii Highlights Bacterial Genes Involved in Host-Symbiont Interaction

Bruno Lemaitre, Fanny Schüpfer, Florent François Masson, Mario Gonzalo Garcia Arraez

Endosymbiotic bacteria associated with eukaryotic hosts are omnipresent in nature, particularly in insects. Studying the bacterial side of host-symbiont interactions is, however, often limited by the unculturability and genetic intractability of the symbio ...

2018

The wall-less bacterium Spiroplasma poulsonii builds a polymeric cytoskeleton composed of interacting MreB isoforms

Bruno Lemaitre, Alexandre Louis André Persat, Florent François Masson, Xavier Jean-Yves Pierrat

A rigid cell wall defines the morphology of most bacteria. MreB, a bacterial homologue of actin, plays a major role in coordinating cell wall biogenesis and defining cell shape. Spiroplasma are wall-less bacteria that robustly grow with a characteristic he ...

CELL PRESS2021

The iron transporter Transferrin 1 mediates homeostasis of the endosymbiotic relationship between Drosophila melanogaster and Spiroplasma poulsonii

Bruno Lemaitre, Florent François Masson, Alice Marra

Iron is involved in numerous biological processes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and is therefore subject to a tug-of-war between host and microbes upon pathogenic infections. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the iron transporter Transferrin 1 ...

Oxford University Press (OUP)2021

Common and unique strategies of male killing evolved in two distinct Drosophila symbionts

Bruno Lemaitre, Toshiyuki Harumoto

Male killing is a selfish reproductive manipulation caused by symbiotic bacteria, where male offspring of infected hosts are selectively killed. The underlying mechanisms and the process of their evolution are of great interest not only in terms of fundame ...

2018

Autocrine and paracrine unpaired signalling regulate intestinal stem cell maintenance and division

Bruno Lemaitre, Sveta Chakrabarti, Dani Osman

The Janus Kinase (JAK) Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) pathway is involved in the regulation of Intestinal Stem Cell (ISC) activity to ensure a continuous renewal of the adult Drosophila midgut. Three ligands, Unpaired1, 2 and 3 are ...

Company Of Biologists Ltd2012

Physiological Adaptations to Sugar Intake: New Paradigms from Drosophila melanogaster

Bruno Lemaitre, Wen Bin Chng

Sugars are important energy sources, but high sugar intake poses a metabolic challenge and leads to diseases. Drosophila melanogaster is a generalist fruit breeder that encounters high levels of dietary sugars in its natural habitat. Consequently, Drosophi ...

Elsevier2017

A humoral stress response protects Drosophila tissues from antimicrobial peptides

Matteo Dal Peraro, Bruno Lemaitre, Chan Cao, Samuel Rommelaere, Jean Philippe Boquete, Verena Rukes, Fernando Augusto Teixeira Pinto Meireles, Alexia Laurie Carboni

An efficient immune system must provide protection against a broad range of pathogens without causing excessive collateral tissue damage. While immune effectors have been well characterized, we know less about the resilience mechanisms protecting the host ...

Elsevier BV2024

The host defense of Drosophila melanogaster

Bruno Lemaitre

To combat infection, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster relies on multiple innate defense reactions, many of which are shared with higher organisms. These reactions include the use of physical barriers together with local and systemic immune responses. ...

Annual Reviews2007

Ecology-relevant bacteria drive the evolution of host antimicrobial peptides in Drosophila

Lena Grollmus, Bruno Lemaitre, Mark Austin Hanson

Antimicrobial peptides are host-encoded immune effectors that combat pathogens and shape the microbiome in plants and animals. However, little is known about how the host antimicrobial peptide repertoire is adapted to its microbiome. Here, we characterized ...

American Association for the Advancement of Science2023

A serpin that regulates immune melanization in the respiratory system of Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre

Epithelial tissues facing the external environment are essential to combating microbial infection. In addition to providing a physical barrier, epithelial tissues mount chemical defenses to prevent invasion of internal tissues by pathogens. Here, we descri ...

Cell Press - Elsevier2008

The secreted Nimrod protein NimB1 negatively regulates early steps of apoptotic cell phagocytosis in Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre, Samuel Rommelaere, Bianca Marie Petrignani, Asya Dolgikh

Efferocytosis, the efficient clearance of apoptotic cells (ACs) by phagocytes, is vital for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Here, we reveal the role of the secreted protein NimB1 in reducing apoptotic cell recognition and binding in the early stages of eff ...

2025

Negative Regulation by Amidase PGRPs Shapes the Drosophila Antibacterial Response and Protects the Fly from Innocuous Infection

Bruno Lemaitre, Juan Camilo Paredes Escobar

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are key regulators of insect immune responses. In addition to recognition PGRPs, which activate the Toll and Imd pathways, the Drosophila genome encodes six catalytic PGRPs with the capacity to scavenge peptidogly ...

2011

Functional analysis of RIP toxins from the Drosophila endosymbiont Spiroplasma poulsonii

Bruno Lemaitre, Florent François Masson, Mario Gonzalo Garcia Arraez, Juan Camilo Paredes Escobar

BackgroundInsects frequently live in close relationship with symbiotic bacteria that carry out beneficial functions for their host, like protection against parasites and viruses. However, in some cases, the mutualistic nature of such associations is put in ...

2019

X-ray and Cryo-electron Microscopy Structures of Monalysin Pore-forming Toxin Reveal Multimerization of the Pro-form

Bruno Lemaitre

beta-Barrel pore-forming toxins (beta-PFT), a large family of bacterial toxins, are generally secreted as water-soluble monomers and can form oligomeric pores in membranes following proteolytic cleavage and interaction with cell surface receptors. Monalysi ...

American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology2015

Infection-induced host translational blockage inhibits immune responses and epithelial renewal in the Drosophila gut

Bruno Lemaitre, Sveta Chakrabarti

Typically, immune responses control the pathogen, while repair and stress pathways limit damage caused by pathogenesis. The relative contribution of damage to the outcome of pathogenesis and the mechanistic links between the immune and repair pathways are ...

Cell Press2012