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Gregory Francis

Cette personne a quitté l’EPFL

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Publications associées (35)

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Visual crowding illustrates the inadequacy of local vs. global and feedforward vs. feedback distinctions in modeling visual perception

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Aaron Michael Clarke

Experimentalists tend to classify models of visual perception as being either local or global, and involving either feedforward or feedback processing. We argue that these distinctions are not as helpful as they might appear, and we illustrate these issues ...

Frontiers Media2014

About individual differences in vision

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Aaron Michael Clarke, Lukasz Grzeczkowski

In cognition, audition, and somatosensation, performance strongly correlates between different paradigms, which suggests the existence of common factors. In contrast, visual performance in seemingly very similar tasks, such as visual and bisection acuity, ...

Elsevier2017

Shrinking Bouma's window: How to model crowding in dense displays

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Adrien Christophe Doerig, Alban Bornet

In crowding, perception of a target deteriorates in the presence of nearby flankers. Traditionally, it is thought that visual crowding obeys Bouma's law, i.e., all elements within a certain distance interfere with the target, and that adding more elements ...

2021

Effects of temporal integration masking on the shape of visual backward functions

Gregory Francis

Many studies of cognition and perception use a visual mask to explore the dynamics of information processing of a target. Especially important in these applications is the time between the target and mask stimuli. A plot of some measure of target visibilit ...

2008

Beyond Bouma's window: How to explain global aspects of crowding?

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Adrien Christophe Doerig, Alban Bornet, Aaron Michael Clarke

In crowding, perception of an object deteriorates in the presence of nearby elements. Although crowding is a ubiquitous phenomenon, since elements are rarely seen in isolation, to date there exists no consensus on how to model it. Previous experiments show ...

2019

Using the Neurorobotics platform to explain global processing in visual crowding

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Alban Bornet

The Neurorobotics Platform of the Human Brain Project hosts many different large-scale models that can easily be connected with each other. Here, we linked a deep neural network for saliency computation to a spiking cortical model for visual segmentation ( ...

2018

Excess Success for Psychology Articles in the Journal Science

Gregory Francis

This article describes a systematic analysis of the relationship between empirical data and theoretical conclusions for a set of experimental psychology articles published in the journal Science between 2005-2012. When the success rate of a set of empirica ...

Public Library of Science2014

Shrinking Bouma's window: Visual crowding in dense displays

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Adrien Christophe Doerig, Alban Bornet

In crowding, perception of a target deteriorates in the presence of nearby flankers. In the traditional feedforward framework of vision, only elements within Bouma’s window interfere with the target and adding more elements always leads to stronger crowdin ...

SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD2019

Combining simultaneous with temporal masking

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis

Simultaneous and temporal masking are two frequently used techniques in psychology and vision science. Although there are many studies and theories related to each masking technique, there are no systematic investigations of their mutual relationship, even ...

American Psychological Association2009

Running Large-Scale Simulations on the Neurorobotics Platform to Understand Vision - The Case of Visual Crowding

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Alban Bornet

Traditionally, human vision research has focused on specific paradigms and proposed models to explain very specific properties of visual perception. However, the complexity and scope of modern psychophysical paradigms undermine the success of this approach ...

2019

The individual structure of visual space

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Lukasz Grzeczkowski, Albulena Jashari-Shaqiri, Aline Françoise Cretenoud

Common factors are ubiquitous. First, we show that, however in vision, correlations of performance in similar paradigms are low even though test-retest reliability is high. Second, one might expect that correlations increase with increasing age because of ...

2018

Neural Dynamics of Grouping and Segmentation Explain Properties of Visual Crowding

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Mauro Manassi

Investigations of visual crowding, where a target is difficult to identify because of flanking elements, has largely used a theoretical perspective based on local interactions where flanking elements pool with or substitute for properties of the target. Th ...

American Psychological Association2017

Contour erasure and filling-in: Old simulations account for most new observations

Gregory Francis

Three recent studies used similar stimulus sequences to investigate mechanisms for brightness perception. Anstis and Greenlee (2014) demonstrated that adaptation to a flickering black and white outline erased the visibility of a subsequent target shape def ...

Pion Ltd2015

Models of crowding: a comparative study

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Aaron Michael Clarke, Adrien Christophe Doerig

In crowding, the perception of an object deteriorates in the presence of nearby elements. Obviously, crowding is a ubiquitous phenomenon, since elements are rarely seen in isolation. Despite this ubiquity, there exists no consensus on how to model crowding ...

2016

How many factors are there in vision?

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Lukasz Grzeczkowski, Aline Françoise Cretenoud

Common factors are ubiquitous in cognition, audition, and somato-sensation. Surprisingly, there seems to be no common factor in vision, i.e., visual tasks correlate very weakly with each other. Here, we show that there are likely many very specific factors ...

2017

What is the strength of a mask in visual metacontrast masking?

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis

After more than a century of research, the mechanisms underlying visual masking are still hotly debated. One key characteristic of masking is that variations in the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between the target and the mask can lead to either monotoni ...

Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)2007

Crowding asymmetries explained by a model of image segmentation

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Adrien Christophe Doerig, Alban Bornet

In crowding, perception of a target deteriorates when neighboring flankers are presented. Flankers close to the fovea deteriorate performance less strongly than flankers presented peripherally, the well-known crowding asymmetries. For example, we presented ...

2017

When illusions merge

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Aline Françoise Cretenoud

We recently found only weak correlations between the susceptibility to various visual illusions. However, we observed strong correlations among different variants of an illusion, suggesting that the visual space of illusions includes several illusion-speci ...

Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology2020

About specific and general factors for visual illusions

Michael Herzog, Gregory Francis, Lukasz Grzeczkowski, Aline Françoise Cretenoud

Contrary to studies of audition and cognition, we previously did not find evidence for a general common factor for vision but for many very specific ones. For example, we found strong correlations between 19 versions of the Ebbinghaus illusion, which diffe ...

2018

Excess success for three related papers on racial bias

Gregory Francis

Three related articles reported that racial bias altered perceptual experience and influenced decision-making. These findings have been applied to training programs for law enforcement, and elsewhere, to mitigate racial bias. However, a statistical analysi ...

Frontiers Media2015