Publications de Wulfram Gerstner

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Learning how to reach a reward over long series of actions is a remarkable capability of humans, and potentially guided by multiple parallel learning modules. Current brain imaging of learning modules is limited by (i) simple experimental paradigms, (ii) e ...

The simultaneous recording of the activity of many neurons poses challenges for multivariate data analysis. Here, we propose a general scheme of reconstruction of the functional network from spike train recordings. Effective, causal interactions are estima ...

Coarse-graining microscopic models of biological neural networks to obtain mesoscopic models of neural activities is an essential step towards multi-scale models of the brain. Here, we extend a recent theory for mesoscopic population dynamics with static s ...

The subthreshold membrane voltage of a neuron in active cortical tissue is a fluctuating quantity with a distribution that reflects the firing statistics of the presynaptic population. It was recently found that conductance-based synaptic drive can lead to ...

Since the seminal work of Watts in the late 90s [1], graph-theoretic analyses have been performed on many complex dynamic networks, including brain structures [2]. Most studies have focused on functional connectivity defined between whole brain regions, using imaging techniques such as fMRI, EEG or MEG. Only very few studies have attempted to look at the structure of neural networks on the level of individual neurons [3,4]. To the best of our knowledge, these studies have only considered undirected connecti

Avermann M, Tomm C, Mateo C, Gerstner W, Petersen CC. Microcircuits of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in layer 2/3 of mouse barrel cortex. J Neurophysiol 107: 3116-3134, 2012. First published March 7, 2012; doi:10.1152/jn.00917.2011.-Synaptic interactio ...

Empirical evidence shows that memories that are frequently revisited are easy to recall, and that familiar items involve larger hippocampal representations than less familiar ones. In line with these observations, here we develop a modelling approach to pr ...

The brain needs to predict how the body reacts to motor commands, but how a network of spiking neurons can learn non-linear body dynamics using local, online and stable learning rules is unclear. Here, we present a supervised learning scheme for the feedfo ...

Two-photon calcium imaging enables functional analysis of neuronal circuits by inferring action potential (AP) occurrence ("spike trains") from cellular fluorescence signals. It remains unclear how experimental parameters such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR ...

We study spatial learning and navigation for autonomous agents. A state space representation is constructed by unsupervised Hebbian learning during exploration. As a result of learning, a representation of the continuous two-dimensional (2-D) manifold in the high-dimensional input space is found. The representation consists of a population of localized overlapping place fields covering the 2-D space densely and uniformly. This space coding is comparable to the representation provided by hippocampal place ce

Surprise-based learning allows agents to rapidly adapt to nonstationary stochastic environments characterized by sudden changes. We show that exact Bayesian inference in a hierarchical model gives rise to a surprise-modulated trade-off between forgetting o ...

While most models of randomly connected neural networks assume single-neuron models with simple dynamics, neurons in the brain exhibit complex intrinsic dynamics over multiple timescales. We analyze how the dynamical properties of single neurons and recurr ...

Neuronal response properties are typically probed by intracellular measurements of current-voltage (I-V) relationships during application of current or voltage steps. Here we demonstrate the measurement of a novel I-V curve measured while the neuron exhibi ...

Varied sensory systems use noise in order to enhance detection of weak signals. It has been conjectured in the literature that this effect, known as stochastic resonance, may take place in central cognitive processes such as memory retrieval of arithmetica ...

We investigate the propagation of pulses of spike activity in a neuronal network with feed-forward couplings. The neurons are of the spike-response type with a firing probability that depends linearly on the membrane potential. AFter firing neurons enter a phase of refractoriness. Spike packets are described in terms of the moments of the firing-time distribution so as to allow for an analytical treatment of the evolution of the spike packet as it propagates from one layer to the next. Both analytical resul

Experiments have shown that the same stimulation pattern that causes Long-Term Potentiation in proximal synapses, will induce Long-Term Depression in distal ones. In order to understand these, and other, surprising observations we use a phenomenological mo ...

A computational model of the hippocampal function in spatial learning is presented. A spatial representation is incrementally acquired during exploration. Visual and self-motion information is fed into a network of rate-coded neurons. A consistent and stab ...

Uniform random sparse network architectures are ubiquitous in computational neuroscience, but the implicit hypothesis that they are a good representation of real neuronal networks has been met with skepticism. Here we used two experimental data sets, a stu ...

Goal-directed behaviors involve coordinated activity in many cortical areas, but whether the encoding of task variables is distributed across areas or is more specifically represented in distinct areas remains unclear. Here, we compared representations of ...

A method is presented for the reduction of morphologically detailed microcircuit models to a point-neuron representation without human intervention. The simplification occurs in a modular workflow, in the neighborhood of a user specified network activity state for the reference model, the "operating point". First, synapses are moved to the soma, correcting for dendritic filtering by low-pass filtering the delivered synaptic current. Filter parameters are computed numerically and independently for inhibitory

Wulfram Gerstner

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Brain signals of a Surprise-Actor-Critic model: Evidence for multiple learning modules in human decision making

Extraction of network topology from multi-electrode recordings: is there a small-world effect?

Mesoscopic population equations for spiking neural networks with synaptic short-term plasticity

Synaptic Shot Noise and Conductance Fluctuations Affect the Membrane Voltage with Equal Significance

Estimating small-world topology of neural networks from multi-electrode recordings

Microcircuits of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in layer 2/3 of mouse barrel cortex

A dynamic attractor network model of memory formation, reinforcement and forgetting

Predicting non-linear dynamics by stable local learning in a recurrent spiking neural network

Inference of neuronal network spike dynamics and topology from calcium imaging data

Cognitive navigation based on non-uniform Gabor space sampling, unsupervised growing networks, and reinforcement learning

Learning in Volatile Environments With the Bayes Factor Surprise

How single neuron properties shape chaotic dynamics and signal transmission in random neural networks

Dynamic I-V curves are reliable predictors of naturalistic pyramidal-neuron voltage traces

Noise-enhanced computation in a model of a cortical column

Stable Propagation of Activity Pulses in Populations of Spiking Neurons

Dendritic Voltage Recordings Explain Paradoxical Synaptic Plasticity: A Modeling Study

Robust self-localisation and navigation based on hippocampal place cells

Connection-type-specific biases make uniform random network models consistent with cortical recordings

Distributed and specific encoding of sensory, motor, and decision information in the mouse neocortex during goal-directed behavior

Automated point-neuron simplification of data-driven microcircuit models