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Séance de cours

Outils de différenciation des cellules souches

Dans cours

BIO-447: Stem cells and organoids

This course introduces the fundamentals of stem cell biology, with a particular focus on the role of stem cells during development, tissue homeostasis/regeneration and disease, and the generation of organoids from stem cells ...

Description

Cette séance de cours couvre les outils utilisés en biologie des cellules souches, y compris les cellules souches pluripotentes pour étudier l'embryogenèse précoce et les maladies de modélisation, l'analyse unicellulaire, l'immunofluorescence pour identifier la descendance cellulaire, l'ARN FISH pour la localisation de l'ARNm et les protéines fluorescentes pour le marquage spécifique des cellules et le traçage de la lignée.

Enseignant·e·s (4)

David Michael Suter

Matthias Lütolf

Matthias Lutolf is Full Professor at EPFL’s Institute of Bioengineering, with a cross appointment in the Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering. Lutolf was trained as a Materials Engineer at ETH Zurich where he also carried out his PhD studies (with Jeffrey Hubbell) that were awarded with an ETH medal. He continued his research training as a Post-Doctoral Fellow in Stem Cell Biology (with Helen Blau) at Stanford University. He has served as the Director of the Institute of Bioengineering from 2014 to 2018. Lutolf is an internationally recognized leader in the fields of stem cell bioengineering and tissue engineering. His research program uniquely combines stem cell biology with engineering principles and quantitative thinking. His team, composed of engineers, chemists, physicists, cell and developmental biologists, strives to develop technologies that have true biological and medicinal function and applicability. Lutolf’s work has led to more than 110 peer-reviewed scientific publications, many of which published in highly reputed journals, more than 25 patents, and the commercialization of several products. Current research in the Lutolf lab is focused on the bioengineering of miniature tissues, termed organoids, that are generated from self-organizing stem cells.

Wouter Richard Karthaus

Freddy Radtke

Freddy Radtke obtained his Ph.D. in Molecular Biology from the University of Zürich in 1994. In 1995, he started his postdoctoral research in the laboratory of Michel Aguet at Genentech, Inc. (San Francisco, USA). In 1997, he returned to Switzerland with Michel Aguet and finished his postdoctoral fellowship at the Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC) in Lausanne. From 1999‑2005, he was a group leader and Associate Member at the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research. Freddy Radtke then joined ISREC in January 2006 as a senior scientist and in July 2006, he was appointed Associate Professor at the EPFL School of Life Sciences

Source officielle

Proximité ontologique

Génie biologique

Génie biomédical: Ingénierie tissulaire

Concepts associés (15)

Cellule souche

vignette|Cellules souches embryonnaires de souris en culture. En biologie cellulaire, une cellule souche est une cellule indifférenciée capable, à la fois, de générer des cellules spécialisées par différenciation cellulaire et de se maintenir dans l'organisme par division symétrique ou division asymétrique. Les cellules souches sont présentes chez tous les êtres vivants multicellulaires. Elles jouent un rôle central dans le développement des organismes ainsi que dans le maintien de leur intégrité au cours de la vie.

Cellule souche embryonnaire

Une cellule souche embryonnaire (CSE) est une cellule souche pluripotente issue de la masse cellulaire interne ou de l'épiblaste d’un embryon préimplantatoire au stade de blastocyste. Un embryon humain atteint le stade de blastocyste 4 à 5 jours après la fécondation et consiste en un amas de 50 à 150 cellules (masse cellulaire interne et trophectoderme). L'isolation de la masse cellulaire interne requiert de détruire le blastocyste. Les cellules souches embryonnaires sont une source quasi parfaite pour les greffes et l'ingénierie tissulaire.

Cellule souche pluripotente induite

Les cellules souches pluripotentes induites (CSPi) (en anglais Induced pluripotent stem cells soit iPS ou iPSCs) sont des cellules souches pluripotentes générées en laboratoire à partir de cellules somatiques. Ces cellules souches induites ont le potentiel de se différencier en n'importe quelle cellule du corps humain et ont donc des applications très variées en thérapie et en recherche biomédicale.

Cell potency

Cell potency is a cell's ability to differentiate into other cell types. The more cell types a cell can differentiate into, the greater its potency. Potency is also described as the gene activation potential within a cell, which like a continuum, begins with totipotency to designate a cell with the most differentiation potential, pluripotency, multipotency, oligopotency, and finally unipotency. Totipotency (Lat. totipotentia, "ability for all [things]") is the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all of the differentiated cells in an organism.

Stem-cell line

A stem cell line is a group of stem cells that is cultured in vitro and can be propagated indefinitely. Stem cell lines are derived from either animal or human tissues and come from one of three sources: embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, or induced stem cells. They are commonly used in research and regenerative medicine. Stem cell By definition, stem cells possess two properties: (1) they can self-renew, which means that they can divide indefinitely while remaining in an undifferentiated state; and (2) they are pluripotent or multipotent, which means that they can differentiate to form specialized cell types.

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Séances de cours associées (32)

Biologie des cellules souches: Essentiels et applications

Couvre les éléments essentiels de la biologie des cellules souches, y compris les principaux types, propriétés et applications, ainsi que les défis de la recherche.

Applications de cellules souches: modèles, thérapie et clonage

Explore les applications des cellules souches embryonnaires dans la recherche biomédicale, la modélisation des maladies et les interventions thérapeutiques potentielles, y compris les types de cellules souches et les défis auxquels elles sont confrontées.

Cellules souches: types, réglementation et applications

Couvre les notions de base sur les cellules souches, leurs types, leur régulation et leurs applications potentielles en médecine régénérative.

Cellules souches: bases et applications

Explore les bases des cellules souches, leurs types, leurs applications et les défis de la recherche.

Plasticité cellulaire: facteurs de transcription et état de la chromatine

Plonge dans les facteurs de transcription pionniers, l'organisation de la chromatine et les transitions du destin cellulaire, présentant des exemples de reprogrammation et discutant des applications potentielles en médecine régénérative.

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Concepts associés (15)

Cellule souche

Cellule souche embryonnaire

Cellule souche pluripotente induite

Cell potency

Stem-cell line

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