In telecommunications, the carrier-to-noise ratio, often written CNR or C/N, is the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a modulated signal. The term is used to distinguish the CNR of the radio frequency passband signal from the SNR of an analog base band message signal after demodulation. For example, with FM radio, the strength of the 100 MHz carrier with modulations would be considered for CNR, whereas the audio frequency analogue message signal would be for SNR; in each case, compared to the apparent noise.
In telecommunications, particularly in radio frequency engineering, signal strength refers to the transmitter power output as received by a reference antenna at a distance from the transmitting antenna. High-powered transmissions, such as those used in broadcasting, are expressed in dB-millivolts per metre (dBmV/m). For very low-power systems, such as mobile phones, signal strength is usually expressed in dB-microvolts per metre (dBμV/m) or in decibels above a reference level of one milliwatt (dBm).
Oracle (Oracle Corporation) est une entreprise américaine créée en 1977 par Larry Ellison. Ses produits phares sont le système de gestion de base de données Oracle Database, le serveur d'applications Oracle Weblogic Server, le progiciel de gestion intégré Oracle E-Business Suite et l'offre de cloud computing Oracle Cloud Infrastructure. En 2019, Oracle était la deuxième plus grande entreprise de logiciels en matière de chiffre d'affaires et de capitalisation boursière.