Spectrum (physical sciences)In the physical sciences, the term spectrum was introduced first into optics by Isaac Newton in the 17th century, referring to the range of colors observed when white light was dispersed through a prism. Soon the term referred to a plot of light intensity or power as a function of frequency or wavelength, also known as a spectral density plot. Later it expanded to apply to other waves, such as sound waves and sea waves that could also be measured as a function of frequency (e.g., noise spectrum, sea wave spectrum).
Electrostatic generatorAn electrostatic generator, or electrostatic machine, is an electrical generator that produces static electricity, or electricity at high voltage and low continuous current. The knowledge of static electricity dates back to the earliest civilizations, but for millennia it remained merely an interesting and mystifying phenomenon, without a theory to explain its behavior and often confused with magnetism.
Loi de Coulomb (électrostatique)thumb| Dans les deux cas, la force est proportionnelle au produit des charges et varie en carré inverse de la distance entre les charges. La loi de Coulomb exprime, en électrostatique, la force de l'interaction électrique entre deux particules chargées électriquement. Elle est nommée d'après le physicien français Charles-Augustin Coulomb qui l'a énoncée en 1785 et elle forme la base de l'électrostatique. Elle peut s'énoncer ainsi : thumb|Balance de Coulomb.
