Following is a partial list of professional certifications in financial services, with an overview of the educational and continuing requirements for each; see and for all articles. As the field of finance has increased in complexity in recent years, the number of available designations has grown, and, correspondingly, some will have more recognition than others.
Financial risk management is the practice of protecting economic value in a firm by managing exposure to financial risk - principally operational risk, credit risk and market risk, with more specific variants as listed aside. As for risk management more generally, financial risk management requires identifying the sources of risk, measuring these, and crafting plans to address them. See for an overview. Financial risk management as a "science" can be said to have been born with modern portfolio theory, particularly as initiated by Professor Harry Markowitz in 1952 with his article, "Portfolio Selection"; see .
Un capital est placé à intérêts composés lorsque les intérêts de chaque période sont incorporés au capital pour l'augmenter progressivement et porter intérêts à leur tour. C'est une notion antagoniste à celle d'intérêts simples, où les intérêts ne sont pas réinvestis pour devenir à leur tour porteurs d'intérêts. Pour calculer des intérêts composés annuellement, il faut utiliser une suite géométrique, dont la formule est : où est la valeur finale, la valeur initiale, le taux d'intérêt sur une période, et le nombre de périodes (d'années, semestres, trimestres, etc.